Milton, John, 1608-1674; Poets, English -- Early modern, 1500-1700 -- Biography
One last point in Milton's treatment must not be left unnoticed. Much
adverse criticism has been spent on his allegorical figures of Sin and
Death. There is good classical precedent for the introduction of such
personified abstractions among the actors of a drama; and, seeing that
the introduction of sin and death into the world was the chief effect of
his main action, Milton no doubt felt that this too must be handled in
right epic fashion, and must not be left to be added to the theme as a
kind of embroidery of moral philosophy. In no other way could he have
treated the topic half so effectively. There is enough of his philosophy
in Milton's Heaven to damp our desire for more of it on his Earth or in
his Hell. And when once we have given him license to deal only in
persons, we are amply rewarded. His management of the poetic figure of
personification is superb. It is a figure difficult to handle, and
generally fails of effect through falling into one of two extremes.
Either the quality, or the person, is forgotten. The figures in the
_Romaunt of the Rose_ are good examples of the one type, of the minute
materialistic personifications of the Middle Ages, pictorial rather than
literary in essence, like the illuminated figures in a psalter. The
feeble abstractions that people Gray's Odes, where, as Coleridge
remarked, the personification depends wholly on the use of an initial
capital, are examples of the other. Neither has the art of combining the
vastness and vagueness of the abstract with the precise and definite
conception of a person, as is done in the great figure of Religion drawn
by Lucretius, as is done also in those other figures--the only creations
of English poetry which approach the Latin in grandeur--the horrible
phantoms of Sin and Death.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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