HEREDITY IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT RESEARCH. By L. DONCASTER, Sc.D. With 12 figures. THE COMING OF EVOLUTION. By JOHN W. JUDD, C.B., LL.D., F.R.S. With 4 plates. A list of the eighty-six volumes now ready will be sent on application. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS C. F. Clay, Manager: Fetter Lane, London * * * * * NOTES [1] _The Wisdom of God manifested in the Works of the Creation_, London, 1691. [2] Ray gives the case of an elephant "that was observed always when he slept to keep his trunk so close to the ground, that nothing but Air could get in between them," and explains it as an adaptation in habit to prevent the mice from crawling into its lungs--"a strange sagacity and Providence in this Animal, or else an admirable instinct." [3] _Trans. Linn. Soc._ vol. 23, 1862. [4] _Trans. Linn. Soc._ vol. 25, 1866. [5] _Trans. Linn. Soc._ vol. 26, 1870. [6] In attributing this quality to the butterflies in question I am merely stating what is held by the supporters of the mimicry theory. I know of scarcely any evidence either for or against the supposition. [7] It is assumed that the intelligence of the birds is such that they can learn a pattern after a single disagreeable experience of it. [8] _Untersuchungen über die Mimikry_, 1893. [9] The African mimetic butterflies have been recently monographed by Eltringham in a large and beautifully illustrated work--_African Mimetic Butterflies_, Oxford, 1910. [10] Omitting the Hesperidae which hardly enter into questions of mimicry. [11] The classification adopted is that used by Dr Sharp in the "Cambridge Natural History," _Insects_, vol. 2, 1901. [12] Cf. Shelford, _Proc. Zool. Soc._ 1902. [13] _African Mimetic Butterflies_, Oxford, 1910. [14] These African species of _Hypolimnas_ are frequently referred to the genus _Euralia_. [15] Corresponding to the _dorippus_ form of _D. chrysippus_ (cf. Pl. IX) there is a rare form of _trophonius_ known as _dorippoides_. [16] These two forms are figured on Plate 10 of Eltringham's _African Mimetic Butterflies_. [17] _Acraea violae_, the only representative of the group in S. India and Ceylon, is nevertheless a very abundant insect. It cannot, however, be said that it is definitely mimicked by any other species in this region. [18] Coloured figures of these and of the other African species referred to may be found in Eltringham's work on _African Mimetic Butterflies_. [19] These descriptions are taken from preserved specimens which I owe for the most part to the kindness of Dr Jordan. I have not had an opportunity of examining fresh ones. [20] This is more marked in _Castnia_ than in _Anthomysa_. It appears to be a peculiarity of many members of the genus _Castnia_ that the scales do not lie so tight as generally in moths. Owing to this, some of the large whole-coloured species have a somewhat fluffy look. [21] Cf. Poulton, _Essays on Evolution_, 1908, pp. 264-6.