The genus _Papilio_ is a large and heterogeneous collection. It was pointed out by Haase[93] that it falls into three distinct sections, of which one--the Pharmacophagus section--provides those members which serve as models in mimicry; while in the other two sections are found mimics, either of Pharmacophagus Swallow-tails, or of models belonging to other groups. Though Haase's terms have not yet come into general use with systematists, there is little doubt that the genus _Papilio_ as it now stands must eventually be broken up on these lines. To say that one species of _Papilio_ mimics another is therefore somewhat misleading; for the differences between the Pharmacophagus group and the other two are such as to constitute at any rate generic distinction in other groups. For convenience of reference a table has been added in which the various Papilios mentioned in the text have been assigned to their appropriate sections, and referred to their respective models. {158} Pharmacophagus Papilio Cosmodesmus (POISON-EATERS) (FLUTED SWALLOW-TAILS) (KITE SWALLOW-TAILS) Antennae without Antennae without Antennae scaled scales. scales. on upper side. Outer ventral row Outer ventral row As in Papilio. of spines of tarsi of spines of tarsi not separated separated from from the dorsal the dorsal spines spines by a spineless by a spineless longitudinal longitudinal depression. depression. Larva covered with Larva either smooth Larva with third short hairs--with or with hard thoracic segment fleshy tubercles spiny tubercles. enlarged but no Third and fourth (known only in spines. thoracic segments a few species). enlarged. Pupa with row of Pupa wrinkled--generally Pupa short with well-marked with long four-sided humps on each short dorsal thoracic horn. side of abdomen. horn. Humps if present very short. Larva feeds on Larva does not feed As in Papilio. _Aristolochia_. on _Aristolochia_. Abdominal margin Abdominal margin of hind wing of hind wing curved downwards bent over in [M], forming and with scent a kind of groove. organ in fold No scent organ. so formed. {159} LIST OF PAPILIONINE MIMICS