Mimicry in Butterflies

Name: Mimicry in Butterflies
Author: Punnett, Reginald Crundall

Punnett, Reginald Crundall

Butterflies; Mimicry (Biology)

Danainae, characteristics of, 22;
    as models for Oriental butterflies,23;
    as models for African butterflies, 28
  _Danais_, 111, 145;
    _D. archippus_, 48;
    eaten by lizard, 108;
    rejected by bird, 113, XVI. 8;
    _D.  berenice_, 48, XVI. 9;
    _D. chrysippus_, 23, 28;
    flight of, 55;
    in mimicry ring, 65;
    eaten by lizards, 108;
    eaten by Bee-eater, 111;
    eaten by Brown Shrike, 117;
    rejected by Kestrel, 118;
    rejected by baboon, 122;
    local variation in, 132;
    patterns overlapping with those of _Acraea encedon_, 144;
    _alcippus_ form, IX. B;
    _dorippus_ form, IX. C;
    typical form, IV. 1, VIII. 5;
    _D. plexippus_, as model for _Argynnis hyperbius_, 52;
    in mimicry ring, 65;
    eaten by Liothrix, 115 note, IV. 2;
    _D. petiverana_, 29, VI. 1;
    _D. septentrionis_, 23, 111, 112, I. 3;
    _D. vulgaris_, 150
  Darwin, on natural selection, 1;
    on adaptation, 5;
    on initial variation in mimetic resemblance, 63;
    on a difficulty of the mimicry theory, 65
  Defence in butterflies, 54
  _Delias cathara_, 56;
    _D. eucharis_, 28, 115, 116, II. 1
  de Meijere, on breeding _Papilio memnon_, 89
  de Vries, 3
  _Dismorphia_, as mimics of Ithomiinae, 38, 42;
    restricted range of many forms, 51;
    diversity of pattern in genus, 58;
    as Batesian mimics, 135;
    patterns parallel with those of Ithomiinae, 145;
    _D. astynome_, 151;
    _D. avonia_, 151;
    _D. cretacea_, 5, 8, 62, X. 1;
    _D. orise_, as mimic, 39, XII. 2;
    scales of, 40, XIV. 2;
    _D. praxinoe_, as mimic, 57, 62, X. 2, 3;
    as member of mimicry ring, 134
  Distasteful groups, characteristics of, 55

  Eltringham, 17 note, 32 note, 36 note
  _Elymnias_, patterns in genus compared with those of Danaidae, 59, 144;
    _E. malelas_, 24, II. 6, 7;
    _E. phegea_, 35, VII. 9;
    _E. singhala_, 25, I. 9;
    _E. undularis_, in mimicry ring, 66, 115 note, 116, IV. 5, 6
  _Epicopeia polydora_, 27, III. 5
  Equilibrium, conditions of in mixed population, 93
  _Eresia_, 134, 135
  _Eugonia californica_, 114
  _Euphaedra ruspina_, 36
  _Euploea core_, 25, 108, 110, 112, I. 10;
    _E. mulciber_, 24, 51, II. 4, 5;
    _E. rhadamanthus_, 24, 51, II. 8;
    _E. rafflesii_, 110
  Euploeinae, characteristics of, 22;
    as models for Oriental butterflies, 24;
    in relation to birds, 111, 112, 115 note
  {185}
  _Euripus halitherses_, 24

  Feeding experiments, with Mantids, 105;
    with lizards, 107;
    with birds, 115;
    with mammals, 121
  Finn, on feeding experiments with lizards, 108;
    on feeding experiments with Indian birds, 115;
    on feeding experiments with a Tree-shrew, 121
  Flight, different in model and mimic, 55;
    difference of in _Papilio polytes_ and its models, 82
  Fryer, on breeding _Papilio polytes_, 84;
    on relative abundance of females of_ Papilio polytes_ in Ceylon, 97;
    on birds eating "unpalatable" butterflies, 112

  _Gerrhonotus infernalis_, 108

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Mimicry in ButterfliesPunnett, Reginald Crundall

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