Second in order of preference is the use of short ties to or from adjoining surveys. A word of caution in using other mineral survey ties: In Colorado, and presumably in other states, there was a period where the short ties to conflicting surveys were calculated through the section corner tie. Such calculated ties should not be used. This period is not exactly known, but it ran approximately from 1898 to April 28, 1904. If a report of other surveys was contained in the field notes, the ties were not calculated. At the end of this period, it can be determined if calculations were used. It is not so easy to distinguish between the methods of survey at the beginning of the period since it was not customary to report on other surveys. In any event, the short tie should not be used unless the corner tied to (or from) is recovered. If no corners can be found, the section corner tie may be used, but it is the tie of last resort. In such cases, all lines are shown as approved. In Figure 7, several conditions are illustrated. In situation A, only one corner is recovered, no other corners or accessories can be found nor are there any short ties available. In the absence of further collateral evidence, the three missing corners must be reestablished at record bearings and distances from the recovered Corner No. 1. In situation B, Corners Nos. 1 and 2 can be recovered. Lines 4–1 and 2–3 should be shown at the record distance, regardless of the length of line 1–2. The bearings of lines 4–1 and 2–3 may be the record bearing or at the same variation from the record as line 1–2. If this was a rectangular claim, then the bearing of the missing lines probably should be at right angles to line 1–2, unless this would give a distorted relationship between the claim and the workings on it, particularly the discovery. Line 3–4 should be shown parallel and of equal length to line 1–2. In situation C, Corners Nos. 1 and 4 are recovered. Line 2–3 should be shown parallel and of equal length to line 4–1, if the record was such. Lines 1–2 and 3–4 should be shown at the record distance, and at the record bearing or with the same variance found for line 4–1. In situation D two corners are again recovered, but they are opposite corners, Nos. 1 and 3. Missing Corner Nos. 2 and 4 can be restored by using the Grant Boundary method. See Section 5–44 of the Manual of Surveying Instructions. They can also be shown at the record bearing and distance from Cors. Nos. 1 and 3, using either the end lines or side lines, with the resulting missing lines being the bearing and distance required to close. The method selected should restore the lines in the best relative position to the workings. In situation E, three corners, 1, 2 and 4, are recovered. Line 2–3 is shown parallel and of equal length to line 4–1. Line 3–4 is shown parallel and of equal length to Line 1–2. [Illustration: FIG. 7 ]