Minnesota, the North Star StateFolwell, William Watts
History
Minnesota, the North Star State
Folwell, William Watts
Minnesota -- History
After the harvest of 1875 Governor Davis appointed a commission to
investigate the locust devastations, and placed on it Allan Whitman of
St. Paul, a man of science. The report, by giving in simple language an
account of the vermin, their manner of propagation, and the stages of
their growth, suggested the principles upon which their ravages might
be restricted, and, when new invasions did not take place, actually
repressed. Early in the season of 1876 Governor Pillsbury issued a
proclamation commending to the farmers of the infested districts the
advice of the commission to attack the “hoppers” immediately after
hatching. By digging ditches around fields and gardens not infested,
the vegetation could be protected. For the rescue of crops somewhat
grown he recommended a simple apparatus which got the popular name of
“hopperdozer.” It consisted of a piece of sheet-iron twelve feet long
or more, turned up on the back edge and ends. By means of ropes
attached to the front edge, at or near the ends, it could be hauled by
men or animals over the surface of the field. The upper surface of the
pan, smeared with coal tar, imprisoned the insects till they could be
scraped out at convenient intervals. By such simple devices
considerable areas of crops were rescued from total destruction. They
were of course useless after the appearance of wings on the creatures;
and the havoc of the previous season was repeated, particularly in the
southwestern counties. These Governor Pillsbury visited in person, and,
after witnessing the ruin and distress going on, called for
contributions in relief. The response was immediate and generous, and
with the aid of his wife the governor attended personally to the
distribution. The damage extended in this year to twenty-nine counties
south of Otter Tail Lake and west of the watershed of the Mississippi.
The worst of all was that at the close of the season these counties
were “literally peppered” with locust eggs. The outlook for the coming
season caused deep anxiety. The legislature of 1877 authorized a loan
of $75,000 to be advanced to farmers for seed, and empowered county
commissioners to levy a tax for the destruction of locusts and their
eggs. In the spring the hatching began in alarming volume. Governor
Pillsbury, in the expectation that the expense would be reimbursed,
distributed 56,000 pounds of sheet iron and 3000 barrels of coal tar
for “dozers.” Where these were diligently operated the damage to crops
was reduced.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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