Fort Snelling reservation, delimited, 128; reduced (1852), 129; occupied by squatters, 129; part east of Mississippi sold, 130; preëmption right granted by Congress (1855), 131; clandestine sale, 132. Foster, Dr. Thomas, account of Indian tribes of Minnesota, 91. Franklin, Benjamin, his Canada pamphlet, 31. French, abandon western trade (1699), 25; reëstablish it (1714), 25; fortify frontier, 30; build Fort Duquesne, 30; lose Quebec (1759), 30; lose Fort Duquesne (1759), 30; lose Montreal (1760), 30; cede to Spain territory west of the Mississippi (1762), 31; cede to England territory east of the Mississippi (1763), 31. French dominion, proclaimed at Sault, 15; proclaimed on upper Mississippi, 22; proclaimed at mouth of Mississippi by La Salle, 22. French, early discoveries, 2. Frontenac, governor (1672), 16; commissions Duluth, 16; dispatches Joliet, 16; death (1689), 24. Frontier dangers, 1863, 237. Fourteenth Minnesota Volunteers, in Spanish war, 350. Fourth Minnesota Infantry, recruited, 184; at Corinth and Iuka, 184; at Altoona, 244. Free school-books, 321. Fur-trade, organization of, 7; expands in seventeenth century, 7; revived under English, 32; effect on Indians, 45; effect of act of 1816, 54; in politics, 106. _See_ American Fur Company, and Northwest Company. Fur-traders, two unknown (1656), 7. Galbraith, Thomas F., succeeds J. R. Brown as Sioux agent, 169; recruits volunteers, 197. Galtier, Rev. Lucius, missionary at Mendota (1840), 83; builds chapel of St. Paul, 83. Gardiner, Miss, rescued from Inkpaduta, 147. Geological survey, 303. Gilbert, Cass, architect of new capitol, 344. Goodrich, Aaron, first territorial chief justice, 90. Gorman, Willis A., antecedents, 108; appointed territorial governor, 108; recommends construction of one railroad, 122; approves charter of Minnesota and Northwestern R. R. Co. (1854), 122; vetoes Minnesota and Northwestern Railroad bill (1855), 126; denounces jugglery of the railroad company, 126; proposes formation of constitution without enabling act, 133; calls special session of legislature, 135; resigns, 136; appointed colonel of the First Minnesota, 179. Gonor, de, missionary, 26. Grain elevators, use of, 273. Grand convocation of 1825, 61. Grant, Capt. H. P., in battle of Birch Coulie, 213. Grasshoppers, _see_ Rocky Mountain locust. “Great Cryptogram, The,” by Ignatius Donnelly, 319. Green, Corporal, makes heroic defense, 183. Griggs, Lieut.-Col., votes against surrender of Third Minnesota, 183. Groseilliers, first mentioned, 8. Groseilliers and Radisson, voyages, 8; first French in Minnesota, 11. Guinas, missionary at Fort Beauharnois, 26. Hamline University, mentioned, 354. Harlan, James, forbids further issues of Chippeway half-breed scrip, 114.