Miscellanea Curiosa, Vol. 1: Containing a collection of some of the principal phaenomena in nature, accounted for by the greatest philosophers of this age
History
Miscellanea Curiosa, Vol. 1: Containing a collection of some of the principal phaenomena in nature, accounted for by the greatest philosophers of this age
Natural history; Science -- Early works to 1800; Voyages and travels -- Early works to 1800
I shall not need to speak of the Facility of these Solutions, I shall
only observe that they are both General, without Exception or Caution,
and derived from the Knowledge that these two Elevations are equidistant
above and below the Line, bisecting the Angle between the Object and the
_Zenith_.
_A Discourse concerning the Measure of the Airs Resistance to Bodies
moved in it. By the Learned _John Wallis_, S. T. D. and R. S. S._
1. That the Air (and the like of any other _Medium_) doth considerably
give Resistance to Bodies moved in it; and doth thereby abate their
Celerity and Force; is generally admitted. And Experience doth attest
it: For otherwise, a Cannon Bullet projected Horizontally, should
(supposing the Celerity and Force undiminished) strike as hard against a
Perpendicular Wall, erected at a great distance, as near at hand; which
we find it doth not.
2. But at what Rate, or in what Proportion, such Resistance is; and
(consequently, at what Rate the Celerity and Force is continually
diminished) seems not to have been so well examined. Whence it is, that
the Motion of a Project (secluding this Consideration) is commonly
reputed to describe a Parabolick Line; as arising from an Uniform or
equal Celerity in the Line of Projection, and a Celerity uniformly
accelerated in the Line of Descent; which two so compounded, do create a
Parabola.
3. In order to the Computation hereof, I first premise this _Lemma_, (as
the most rational that doth occur for my first footing,) That (supposing
other things equal) the Resistance is proportional to the Celerity. For
in a double Celerity, there is to be removed (in the same time) twice as
much Air, (which is a double Impediment) in a treble, thrice as much;
and so in other Proportions.
4. Suppose we then the Force impressed (and consequently the Celerity,
if there were no Resistance) as 1; the Resistance as _r_. (which must be
less than the Force, or else the Force would not prevail over the
Impediment, to create a Motion.) And therefore the effective Force at a
first Moment, is to be reputed as 1 - _r_: That is, so much as the Force
impressed, is more than the Impediment or Resistance.
5. Be it as 1 - _r_ to 1; so one to _m_. (which _m_ is therefore greater
than 1.)
6. And therefore the effective Force (and consequently the Celerity) as
to a first Moment, is to be 1/_m_ of what it would be, had there been no
Resistance.
7. This 1/_m_ is also the remaining Force after such first Moment; and
this remaining Force is (for the same Reason) to be proportionally
abated as to a second Moment; that is, we are to take 1/_m_ thereof,
that is 1/_mm_ of the impressed Force. And for a third Moment (at equal
distance of time) 1/_mmm_; for a fourth 1/_m_⁴; and so onward
infinitely.
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