Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 3Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
History
Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 3
Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
English essays
The minister's
partisans retorted with equal acrimony, if not with equal vivacity. Pitt
could keep out of the affray only by keeping out of politics altogether;
and this it soon became impossible for him to do. Had Napoleon, content
with the first place among the Sovereigns of the Continent, and with
a military reputation surpassing that of Marlborough or of Turenne,
devoted himself to the noble task of making France happy by mild
administration and wise legislation, our country might have long
continued to tolerate a government of fair intentions and feeble
abilities. Unhappily, the treaty of Amiens had scarcely been signed,
when the restless ambition and the insupportable insolence of the First
Consul convinced the great body of the English people that the peace, so
eagerly welcomed, was only a precarious armistice. As it became clearer
and clearer that a war for the dignity, the independence, the very
existence of the nation was at hand, men looked with increasing
uneasiness on the weak and languid cabinet which would have to contend
against an enemy who united more than the power of Louis the Great to
more than the genius of Frederick the Great. It is true that Addington
might easily have been a better war minister than Pitt, and could not
possibly have been a worse. But Pitt had cast a spell on the public
mind. The eloquence, the judgment, the calm and disdainful firmness,
which he had, during many years, displayed in Parliament, deluded the
world into the belief that he must be eminently qualified to superintend
every department of politics, and they imagined, even after the
miserable failures of Dunkirk, of Quiberon, and of the Helder, that he
was the only statesman who could cope with Bonaparte. This feeling was
nowhere stronger than among Addington's own colleagues. The pressure put
on him was so strong that he could not help yielding to it; yet, even in
yielding, he showed how far he was from knowing his own place. His first
proposition was, that some insignificant nobleman should be First Lord
of the Treasury and nominal head of the administration, and that the
real power should be divided between Pitt and himself, who were to be
secretaries of state. Pitt, as might have been expected, refused even
to discuss such a scheme, and talked of it with bitter mirth. "Which
secretaryship was offered to you?" his friend Wilberforce asked.
"Really," said Pitt, "I had not the curiosity to inquire." Addington
was frightened into bidding higher. He offered to resign the Treasury
to Pitt, on condition that there should be no extensive change in the
government. But Pitt would listen to no such terms. Then came a dispute
such as often arises after negotiations orally conducted, even when the
negotiators are men of strict honour. Pitt gave one account of what had
passed; Addington gave another: and though the discrepancies were not
such as necessarily implied any intentional violation of truth on either
side, both were greatly exasperated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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