Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 3Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
History
Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 3
Macaulay, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron
English essays
And now members of Parliament were fast coming up to London. The chiefs
of the opposition met for the purpose of considering the course to be
taken on the first day of the session. It was easy to guess what would
be the language of the King's speech, and of the address which would be
moved in answer to that speech. An amendment condemning the policy of
the government had been prepared, and was to have been proposed in the
House of Commons by Lord Henry Petty, a young nobleman who had already
won for himself that place in the esteem of his country which, after the
lapse of more than half a century, he still retains. He was unwilling,
however, to come forward as the accuser of one who was incapable of
defending himself. Lord Grenville, who had been informed of Pitt's
state by Lord Wellesley, and had been deeply affected by it, earnestly
recommended forbearance; and Fox, with characteristic generosity and
good nature, gave his voice against attacking his now helpless rival.
"Sunt lacrymae rerum," he said, "et mentem mortalia tangunt." On the
first day, therefore, there was no debate. It was rumoured that evening
that Pitt was better. But on the following morning his physicians
pronounced that there were no hopes. The commanding faculties of which
he had been too proud were beginning to fail. His old tutor and friend,
the Bishop of Lincoln, informed him of his danger, and gave such
religious advice and consolation as a confused and obscured mind could
receive. Stories were told of devout sentiments fervently uttered by the
dying man. But these stories found no credit with anybody who knew him.
Wilberforce pronounced it impossible that they could be true. "Pitt," he
added, "was a man who always said less than he thought on such topics."
It was asserted in many after-dinner speeches, Grub Street elegies, and
academic prize poems and prize declamations, that the great minister
died exclaiming, "Oh my country!" This is a fable; but it is true that
the last words which he uttered, while he knew what he said, were broken
exclamations about the alarming state of public affairs. He ceased to
breathe on the morning of the 23rd of January, 1806, the twenty-fifth
anniversary of the day on which he first took his seat in Parliament. He
was in his forty-seventh year, and had been, during near nineteen years,
First Lord of the Treasury, and undisputed chief of the administration.
Since parliamentary government was established in England, no English
statesman has held supreme power so long. Walpole, it is true, was First
Lord of the Treasury during more than twenty years: but it was not till
Walpole had been some time First Lord of the Treasury that he could be
properly called Prime Minister.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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