[4] _Page 30, note 1._ This story is from Bede’s _Ecclesiastical History_ (chapter xiii., Bohn’s _Antiquarian Library_). Mr. Emerson used it in full as the exordium of his essay on Immortality, in _Letters and Social Aims_. [5] _Page 30, note 2._ The poem “Hamatreya,” wherein appear the names of many of these first settlers, might well be read in connection with the opening passages of this address. Mr. Emerson’s right of descent to speak as representative of Peter Bulkeley, who was the spiritual arm of the settlement, as Simon Willard was its sword-arm, may here be shown: Rev. Joseph Emerson of Mendon (son of Thomas of Ipswich, the first of the name in this country) married Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Edward Bulkeley, who succeeded his father, the Rev. Peter Bulkeley, as minister of Concord. Edward, the son of Joseph of Mendon and Elizabeth Bulkeley, was father of Rev. Joseph Emerson of Malden, who was father of Rev. William Emerson of Concord, who was father of Rev. William Emerson of Harvard and Boston, the father of Ralph Waldo Emerson. [6] _Page 31, note 1._ Neal’s _History of New England_, vol. i., p. 132. [7] _Page 31, note 2._ Neal, vol. i., p. 321. [8] _Page 31, note 3._ Shattuck’s _History of Concord_, p. 158. [9] _Page 32, note 1._ On September 2, 1635, the General Court passed this order:— “It is ordered that there shalbe a plantac̃on att Musketequid & that there shalbe 6 myles of land square to belong to it, & that the inhabitants thereof shall have three yeares im̃unities from all publ[ic] charges except traineings; Further, that when any that plant there shall have occac̃on of carryeing of goods thither, they shall repaire to two of the nexte magistrates where the teames are, whoe shall have the power for a yeare to presse draughts, att reasonable rates, to be payed by the owners of the goods, to transport their goods thither att seasonable tymes: & the name of the place is changed & here after to be called Concord.” [10] _Page 32, note 2._ Shattuck, p. 5. [11] _Page 33, note 1._ In his lecture on Boston (published in the volume _Natural History of Intellect_) Mr. Emerson gives an amusing enumeration of some troubles which seemed so great to the newcomers from the Old World: he mentions their fear of lions, the accident to John Smith from “the most poisonous tail of a fish called a sting-ray,” the circumstance of the overpowering effect of the sweet fern upon the Concord party, and the intoxicating effect of wild grapes eaten by the Norse explorers, and adds: “Nature has never again indulged in these exasperations. It seems to have been the last outrage ever committed by the sting-rays, or by the sweet fern, or by the fox-grapes. They have been of peaceable behavior ever since.” [12] _Page 34, note 1._ Johnson’s _Wonder-Working Providence_, chap. xxxv. Mr. Emerson abridged and slightly altered some sentences. [13] _Page 35, note 1._ Mourt, _Beginning of Plymouth_, 1621, p. 60.