Miscellanies : $b embracing Nature, addresses, and lecturesEmerson, Ralph Waldo
Philosophy
Miscellanies : $b embracing Nature, addresses, and lectures
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
American essays -- 19th century; Philosophy of nature; Transcendentalism (New England)
This was one design of the projectors of the Associations which are now
making their first feeble experiments. They were founded in love, and in
labor. They proposed, as you know, that all men should take a part in
the manual toil, and proposed to amend the condition of men, by
substituting harmonious for hostile industry. It was a noble thought of
Fourier, which gives a favorable idea of his system, to distinguish in
his Phalanx a class as the Sacred Band, by whom whatever duties were
disagreeable, and likely to be omitted, were to be assumed.
At least, an economical success seemed certain for the enterprise, and
that agricultural association must, sooner or later, fix the price of
bread, and drive single farmers into association, in selfdefence; as
the great commercial and manufacturing companies had already done. The
Community is only the continuation of the same movement which made the
joint-stock companies for manufactures, mining, insurance, banking, and
so forth. It has turned out cheaper to make calico by companies; and it
is proposed to plant corn, and to bake bread by companies.
Undoubtedly, abundant mistakes will be made by these first adventurers,
which will draw ridicule on their schemes. I think, for example, that
they exaggerate the importance of a favorite project of theirs, that of
paying talent and labor at one rate, paying all sorts of service at one
rate, say ten cents the hour. They have paid it so; but not an instant
would a dime remain a dime. In one hand it became an eagle as it fell,
and in another hand a copper cent. For the whole value of the dime is in
knowing what to do with it. One man buys with it a land-title of an
Indian, and makes his posterity princes; or buys corn enough to feed the
world; or pen, ink, and paper, or a painter’s brush, by which he can
communicate himself to the human race as if he were fire; and the other
buys barley candy. Money is of no value; it cannot spend itself. All
depends on the skill of the spender. Whether, too, the objection almost
universally felt by such women in the community as were mothers, to an
associate life, to a common table, and a common nursery, &c., setting a
higher value on the private family with poverty, than on an association
with wealth, will not prove insuperable, remains to be determined.
But the Communities aimed at a higher success in securing to all their
members an equal and thorough education. And on the whole, one may say,
that aims so generous, and so forced on them by the times, will not be
relinquished, even if these attempts fail, but will be prosecuted until
they succeed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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