Here ends the education of the child as the future citizen of the
world. But there is still another and a higher thing, which can, in
special cases, be done by the educator of the people. He may lead the
child to a life higher than that of this visible world. This life in
religion is the deeply-seated source of true morality. “The child
of the new education is not only a member of human society in this
visible world, and for a short span of life, but he also is, and will
no doubt recognize himself to be, a link in the eternal chain of the
spiritual life in general. One who has penetrated the whole essence of
his being and recognized the ethical world which has never existed,
yet eternally should be, will also recognize or produce in his thought
the transcendental world-order, which eternally exists” (3: p. 297).
He shall come to seek such a world of ideas and ideals, and live in
it, as his only real life, light, and blessing, considering all else
as mere death, darkness, and misery. This life in the transcendental
world--namely, religion--is not a life beyond the grave, but is life
immanent in our earthly existence and extending to eternity.
“To find heaven right on this earth, and let it flow perpetually in
his daily work; to implant and to cultivate the immortal in the mortal
itself--not merely in the mystical and unintelligible way, but in the
visible way--this is a natural and ever-working instinct of man, which
is absent only under the pressure of necessity” (3: p. 376).
To develop this instinct in the child, and lead him to the ever higher
life of true religion, is the last task of the new education.
The above is a brief sketch of Fichte’s plan of the new education
for the people, by means of which he hoped to revive and regenerate
the sunken and ruined nation. Fichte, like Rousseau and Pestalozzi,
sanguinely had confidence in the power of a new form of education
to bring about an immediate reconstruction of the existing society,
against which they each raised the voice of protest. But while Rousseau
wanted to build a new society on the basis of his new _natural
man_, who is to be educated solely through the nature of his
individual self, and Pestalozzi of his new _home man_, who shall
essentially grow up in and through the normal home, for Fichte, the
foundation of the new nation rested on the new _social man_, who
is trained in, through, and to an ideal social life specially provided
to secure his best growth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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