The awe in which the Nereids are held is partially responsible, without
doubt, for the many adulatory by-names by which they are known. Now and
again indeed a peasant, when he is suffering from some imagined injury
at their hands, may so far speak his mind concerning them as to call
them ‘evil women’ (κακαὶς or ἄσχημαις γυναῖκες): but in general his
references are more diplomatic and conciliatory in tone. He adopts the
same attitude towards them as did his forefathers towards the Furies;
and, though the actual word ‘Eumenides’ is lost to his vocabulary,
the spirit of his address is unchanged. ‘The Ladies’ (ᾑ κυρᾶδες),
‘Our Maidens’ (τὰ κουρίτσι̯α μας), ‘Our good Queens’ (ᾑ καλαὶς
ἀρχόντισσαις), ‘The kind-hearted ones’ (ᾑ καλόκαρδαις), ‘The ladies
to whom we wish joy’ (ᾑ χαιράμεναις), or most commonly of all ‘Our
good Ladies’ (ᾑ καλοκυρᾶδες or καλλικυρᾶδες)[302],--such is the wonted
style of his adulation, in which the frequent use of the word κυρᾶδες
(the plural of κυρά, i.e. κυρία) is a heritage from his ancestors who
made dedications ‘to the lady nymphs’ (κυρίαις νύμφαις). Yet it may be
questioned whether these by-names are wholly euphemistic; for mingled
with the awe which the Nereids inspire there is certainly an element of
admiration and, I had almost said, of affection in the feelings of the
common-folk toward them.
The Nereids are conceived as women half-divine yet not immortal, always
young, always beautiful, capricious at best, and at their worst
cruel. Their presence is suspected everywhere; grim forest-depth and
laughing valley, babbling stream and wind-swept ridge, tree and cave
and pool, each may be their chosen haunt, the charmed scene of their
dance and song and godlike revelry. The old distinctions between the
nymphs according to their habitations still to some extent hold good;
there are nymphs of the sea and nymphs of the streams, tree-nymphs
and mountain-nymphs; but in characteristics these several classes
are alike, in grace, in frolic, in wantonness. Of all that is light
and mirthful they are the ideal; of all that is lovely the exquisite
embodiment; and their hearts beneath are ever swayed by fierce gusts of
love and of hate.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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