16. VEGETABLE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. By J. H. Balfour, M.D., Edinburgh University. 17. SYSTEMATIC AND ECONOMIC BOTANY. By J. H. Balfour, M.D., Edinburgh University. 19. METALLURGY. By John Mayer, F.C.S., Glasgow. 20. NAVIGATION. By Henry Evers, LL.D., Plymouth. 21. NAUTICAL ASTRONOMY. By Henry Evers, LL.D. 22A STEAM AND THE STEAM ENGINE--LAND AND MARINE. By Henry Evers, LL.D., Plymouth. 22B STEAM AND STEAM ENGINE--LOCOMOTIVE. By Henry Evers, LL.D., Plymouth. 23. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. By John Macturk, F.R.G.S. 24. PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY. By John Howard, London. 25. ASTRONOMY. By J. J. Plummer, Observatory, Durham. TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: Obvious typographical errors in punctuation and spelling have been corrected without comment. One example of an obvious typographical error is on page 109 where the word "utterred" was changed to "uttered" in the phrase: "... he uttered a piercing cry...." In addition to obvious errors the following changes have been made: 1. Page 376: The phrase "as early in 1773" was changed to "as early as 1773". 2. Page 119: "cocoa" was changed to "coca" in the phrase, "... opium, betel, hasheesh, and coca...." 3. Page 209: "Aureditated" was changed to "Accredited" to reflect the correct title of Jarvis' book: "Accredited Ghost Stories". 4. Page 211: "Aured." was changed to "Accred." in the phrase, "Accred. Ghost Stories". 5. Page 234: "aids" was changed to "aides" in the phrase, "General d'Espagne roused his aides...." 6. On the ad page, the illustration of a hand symbol has been replaced with "-->". The spelling of most proper names has been left unchanged with the following exceptions: 1. "Göethe", "Goëthe" and "Goethe" has been standardized to "Goethe". 2. Page 109: "Shilling" was changed to "Stilling" (Jung Stilling, author of "Jenseits" cf. pp. 156, 204, 320). 3. Page 235: "Marca Erivigiana" was changed to "Marca Trivigiana". 4. Page 260: "Waltyries" was changed to "Walkyries" in the phrase, "Walkyries and the heroes...." 5. Page 376: "Eassner" was changed to "Gassner" (cf. p. 441) in the phrase, "... famous Father Gassner ... of Ratisbon...." 6. Page 402: "Mondez" was changed to "Mondes" in the Journal title, "Revue des Deux Mondes", (cf. p. 408). In other cases, the author's original spelling and use of punctuation has been left intact. Internal inconsistencies which have been retained in this transcription as in the original include (but are not limited to): apostacy/ apostasy pickolitch/ prickolitch Æthiopian/ Ethiopian aurora boreales/ aurora borealis On page 319: "... Thus in 1578 a famous astrologer, the father of all weather prophecies in our almanacs, predicted that in the month of February, 1524...."