The Seminary had right to name its own governor also, but no one was
appointed to the vacant post of Maisonneuve till 1669.
Thus the year closed in a peace to last for twenty years. The king's
arms had battered Iroquois insolence.
But the heroic age was at an end.[95]
After the successful war, de Tracy engaged himself before departing
in May for Montreal, in consolidating the paternal government lately
introduced and in conciliating the habitants on behalf of his royal
master. He came to Montreal to take cognizance of it as a place which
was most commonly resorted to by the savage as the most advanced point
on the river.
He left Quebec on May 4th, and two days later Talon, as intendant, set
out to pay his official visit to Montreal. He acquitted himself to the
satisfaction of the settlers on all the côtes "for," says Dollier de
Casson, "he went to the great edification of the public from house to
house, even to the poorest, asking if all were being treated according
to equity and justice, and when pecuniary assistance was needed, it was
forthcoming."
We shall speak later of many of the progressive movements initiated
through M. Talon at this time.
This year the Seigneurs of Montreal were given back the possession of
the storehouse at Quebec, about which there had been much contention.
The question of the "dime" had agitated Montreal as elsewhere.
Originally fixed by Laval at one-thirteenth it had been reduced to
one-twentieth and then to one-twenty-sixth. Even then in view of the
difficulties of a young country it was not payable for five years, to
allow the settler to cultivate his lands more easily. But at the same
time, it was arranged that in the future, better times might allow it
to be increased. This was regulated by an act of the clerk's office
at Montreal of August 23, 1667; but a further act of an assembly,
held on August 12, 1668, shows appreciation on the part of the syndic
and inhabitants of a desire to meet the seigneurs in the upkeep of
the church by fixing the dime at one-twenty-first part for wheat and
one-twenty-sixth for other grains.
The arrangements for the payment of the dime had been made jointly by
de Tracy, de Courcelles and Talon. De Tracy left Quebec on September
28th, to the great regret of Laval and the clergy.
[Illustration: PLAN OF MONTREAL, 1650-1672]
The census of Montreal for this year (1667) is given as 766 souls;
Three Rivers and its dependencies, 666; Côte de Beaupré, 656; Isle of
Orleans, 529; Quebec, 448; other settlements under the government of
Quebec, 1,011; Beauport, 123; Côte de Lauson (south shore), 113. In
this year there were 11,448 arpents under cultivation in New France.
There were 3,107 heads of cattle, besides 85 sheep. These latter
began to be imported in 1665, at the same time as the horses. In the
following year 15,649 arpents were cultivated and the production of
wheat amounted to 130,978 minots.
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