Talon turned his attention to the exploitation of mines, which might
give many an occupation. In the month of October, 1669, Mère de
l'Incarnation writes: "They have discovered a fine lead or tin mine
forty leagues beyond Montreal, with a slate quarry and a coal mine.
Copper mines were also discovered near Lake Superior."
In 1672 the first ship built in Canadian waters was launched. Its
capacity was four to five hundred tons. Previously Canadian wood had
been sent to France for the royal dockyards. Perhaps some of the
Montreal oaks that had been sent floating down stream to Quebec found a
destination in the wooden walls of France.
General industries were favoured by the king, and Talon was told
to spare no effort in opening out its various branches. Soon the
enterprising intendant was accredited by Marie l'Incarnation and the
historians of the "Relations" with initiating hemp, cloth, serge,
soap, woolen, tanning, shoe, pots and brewing industries. The latter
was especially encouraged as an offset against the dangerous evil
dimensions of the strong liquor traffic in Canada.
The records of the city archives for June 23, 1672, give the details
of a general assembly of the principal representatives of Montreal to
build a large brewery to supplant that already in existence, and now
found by experience, after the advent of the soldiers to be too small
for the needs of the growing community. The money for this apparently
municipal venture was borrowed from the Gentlemen of the Seminary, the
only bankers of the time. Two water mills now began to be constructed,
since with the advent of the soldiers, the old windmill at the fort and
that of the "Côteau" no longer sufficed.
The manufacture of homespun materials was encouraged by Talon, but
as yet it did not make much headway. Still Talon, writing in 1671
to Colbert, could report that he had caused drugget, coarse camlet,
étamine, serge, woolen cloth and leather to be manufactured in Canada,
adding: "I have, of Canadian make, the wherewithal to clothe myself
from head to foot."
The first market place was opened in 1676 opposite the seigneurial
manor house, which was established on St. Paul Street, and its site
was the land now occupied today by the Inland Revenue and that running
down to the river. Up to its opening, all sales had been conducted in
private houses. The market was held every Tuesday and Friday from 8
o'clock A. M. in summer and 9 A. M. in winter to 11 o'clock A. M., and
as there was no public clock then in the city the hour of commencing
and closing were sounded by the parish church bell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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