Sir James Graham is not mentioned nearly so often as Brougham, but in respect of concentrated hostility of criticism he occupies the first place amongst _Punch's_ pet aversions. No cartoon in this period held up any politician to greater contempt and ridicule than the repulsive picture of the Home Secretary as "Peel's Dirty Little Boy," who was "always in trouble." The predominating cause of _Punch's_ resentment was the historic episode of the opening of suspect correspondence, notably that of Mazzini; but Sir James Graham could do nothing right in _Punch's_ view: _nihil tetigit quod non foedavit_. Peter Borthwick, the advocate of the slave-owners, M.P. for Evesham from 1835 to 1847, and editor of the _Morning Post_ from 1850 till his death in 1852, was no favourite of _Punch_. He was, however, as the date shows, not editorially responsible for "Jenkins"; and by introducing the Borthwick clause into the Poor Law Amendment Bill in 1847, under which married couples over the age of sixty were not, as theretofore, separated when they entered the poor-house, he so far expiated his pro-slavery heresies that _Punch_ granted him "six months immunity from ridicule for this good act." _Punch's_ antipathy to Urquhart is curious, for they were united in their Russophobia. But _Punch_ was often intolerant of competitors, and he was never an extravagant Turcophil as Urquhart was. [Sidenote: _"Punch" Designs a Statue_] [Illustration: MR. PUNCH'S DESIGN FOR A STATUE TO MISS NIGHTINGALE] If a paper, like a man, is to be fairly judged by its heroes and favourites, _Punch_ emerges from the test with considerable credit. Most of them have been mentioned incidentally elsewhere, and the list[33] might easily be added to. Let it suffice, however, to give the names of Jenner, Stephenson, Rowland Hill, Paxton, Faraday, and Livingstone; Mazzini and Kossuth; Jenny Lind, Florence Nightingale, and William Russell, of whose lectures _Punch_ wrote an enthusiastic and well-merited encomium in the summer of 1857. [Footnote 33: It is perhaps worthy of note that with the exception of Paxton none of those mentioned belonged to the decorated or decorative classes. Stephenson refused a knighthood in 1850; it was not bestowed on William Russell till more than forty years later. Rowland Hill was made a K.C.B. in 1860.] _A complete Index will be found in the Fourth Volume._ PRINTED BY CASSELL & COMPANY, LIMITED, LA BELLE SAUVAGE, LONDON, E.C.4 F.100.521 End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England, Vol. I (of 4).--1841-1857, by Charles L. Graves