(iii) The instructor will make use of these object-lessons to point out the advantages and disadvantages of various forms of cover, the correct and incorrect methods of using cover, and the danger of exaggerated or unnecessary movement of the head, arms, or rifle in loading and aiming which tend to betray the position of men or make them easy to mark down. This instruction can be carried out on miniature ranges according to the directions laid down in Chapter X., Sec. 72, para. 3 (iv). =5. Rules for Selecting Cover.=--The following general rules will help to guide soldiers in selecting cover. They must remember that in the field the selection of cover may often involve a choice between alternative disadvantages. It may not be possible to avoid bad cover or to find good cover, and it may sometimes be better to use bad cover than to remain in the open. Soldiers, therefore, must be taught in the course of their field training to make the best use of ground and cover under the varying conditions of each tactical situation. [Illustration: =Fig. 35.=--FIRING OVER CONTINUOUS COVER. Correct and incorrect prone position for loading and waiting to fire. The unnecessary exposure and movements of the rifle of the man on the right are wrong.] [Illustration: =Fig. 36.=--FIRING OVER CONTINUOUS COVER. Correct and incorrect prone positions. Unnecessary exposure of man on right.] [Illustration: =Fig. 37.=--FIRING ROUND CONTINUOUS COVER: LYING POSITION--FRONT VIEW.] [Illustration: =Fig. 38.=--FIRING ROUND CONTINUOUS COVER: LYING POSITION--SIDE VIEW.] [Illustration: =Fig. 39.=--KNEELING BEHIND COVER--POSITION WHEN LOADING. _Points to note_: 1. No undue exposure. 2. Watching front. 3. Trigger guard downwards to facilitate loading and sight-setting. 4. Muzzle clear of cover.] [Illustration: =Fig. 40.=--KNEELING BEHIND COVER--POSITION WHEN LOADED. _Points to note_: 1. No undue exposure. 2. Watching front. 3. Trigger guard outwards.] [Illustration: =Fig. 41.=--KNEELING BEHIND COVER--POSITION WHEN FIRING.] [Illustration: =Fig. 42.=--KNEELING BEHIND COVER--POSITION WHEN FIRING.] _Points to note_ 1. No undue exposure. 2. Body well balanced. 3. Left elbow well under rifle. 4. Good bed for the butt. 5. Firm grip with both hands. 6. Eye well back from the cocking-piece. 7. Sights perfectly upright. 8. Rifle, but not hand, resting on cover. 9. Position adapted to the cover. (i) =Good Cover.=--Perfect cover--which, however, will very rarely be found--will combine the following advantages: (_a_) Affords a clear view up to the enemy’s position. (_b_) Permits the free use of the rifle. (_c_) Gives concealment to the firer. (_d_) Provides protection for him against the enemy’s fire without hindering forward movement. (ii) =Bad Cover= involves any of the following disadvantages: (_a_) Offers a well-defined target for the enemy’s fire, and provides no protection from its effects.