On October 8th seventy-three of the proscribed deputies re-entered the Convention. They were proscribed after the 31st of May; they returned to office after the 9th Thermidor. Chief among these were Lanjuinais, who sat last on 31st May; Boissy-d'Anglas, who saluted the head of Féraud on 1st Prairial, Daunou and Henri la Rivière. On the 16th, Carrier was accused by a majority of 418 votes out of 500, and condemned to death. On the 2nd February 1795, Barère, Billaud-Varennes, Collot d'Herbois and Vadier were impeached, and on the 1st April they were sentenced to banishment. Barère took refuge in Belgium, returned to France in 1830, and died in the bosom of his family. Billaud-Varennes was transported to Cayenne with Collot d'Herbois, but managed to escape to Mexico, where he entered a monastery of Dominicans, under the name of Polycarpe Vareñas. He fought on the side of the settlers against the mother country, twice narrowly escaped being shot, and died at Haiti in 1820. Collot d'Herbois, an indifferent comedian and poet, nearly always half drunk, mistook a bottle of nitric acid for brandy, and died in horrible agony at Cayenne in 1796. And last on the list, Vadier disappeared completely, and was never afterwards heard of. On May 3rd a decree restored confiscated goods to the families of all those who were condemned for _any reason whatsoever save emigration._ Two families were excepted from the operation of this beneficial law, those of Louis XVI. and Robespierre. What a strange turn of fortune's wheel it was which subjected these two names to the same punishment! Lanjuinais and Boissy-d'Anglas marked their return to the Assembly by this decree. On the 6th, Fouquier Tinville and fifteen judges or members of the ancient Revolutionary Tribune were executed _en Grève_ in Paris. Do you understand the significance of that term _en Grève?_ Public order was now restored, for had not the scaffold itself resumed its place? Notwithstanding all that had happened, means for defending France, as we have seen, had sprung up on all sides as if by miracle. France, which scarcely had an army in 1789, had had six in 1792, ten in 1793, and fourteen in 1795. On the 3rd October 1793, Carnot drew up a report for the Convention, wherein he advocated the setting up of workshops, and suggested that measures should be taken to facilitate as rapidly as possible the formation of divers and formidable means of defence against the enemy. Science, in fact, placed herself at the disposition of the Committee of Public Safety; she took her part in the Revolution in busying herself about the provision of special methods of defence. She was confronted with almost insoluble problems, and she succeeded in solving them. France was short of gunpowder, of guns, and of cannons. In nine months the scientific Commission had extracted soil out of France which yielded 900,000 pounds of gunpowder per annum--12,000,000 pounds of gunpowder.