Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
Precisely as in the former tomb, all the three bodies had been burnt
simultaneously, but separately and at equal distances from each other,
nay, in the very place where they now lay. This was proved by the
evident marks of the fire on the pebbles below and around every one of
the bodies, as well as by the marks of the fire and the smoke on the
walls to the right and left, and by the masses of wood ashes which lay on
and around the bodies. The bodies were literally laden with jewels, all
of which bore evident signs of the fire and smoke to which they had been
exposed on the funeral piles.
[Sidenote: PLATES OF GOLD.]
[Illustration: No. 239. Plate of Gold. Sepulchre III.]
[Illustration: No. 240. Plate of Gold: a Cuttle-fish. Sepulchre III.]
[Illustration: No. 241. Plate of Gold: a Flower. Sepulchre III.]
[Illustration: No. 242. A Plate of Gold. Sepulchre III.]
[Illustration: No. 243. Plate of Gold: a Butterfly. Sepulchre III.]
[Illustration: No. 244. Plate of Gold. Sepulchre III.]
The ornaments of which the greatest number was found were the large,
thick, round plates of gold, with a very pretty decoration of _repoussé_
work, of which I collected 701. I found them as well below as above and
around the bodies, and there can consequently be no doubt that part of
them were strewn all over the bottom of the sepulchre before the funeral
pyres were dressed, and that the rest were laid on the bodies before
the fire was kindled. In the following engravings[278] I give all the
different types of these wonderful plates. It is difficult to say how
the Mycenean goldsmiths executed the _repoussé_ work. Professor Landerer
thinks they laid the gold-plate on a block of lead, and hammered and
pressed the ornamentation into it. No. 239 contains broad round waving
bands much resembling those on the fourth sculptured tombstone.[279] The
curious ornamentation in the centre, which so often recurs here, seems to
me to be derived from the [Illustration], the more so as the points which
are thought to be the marks of the nails, are seldom missing; the artist
has only added two more arms and curved all of them. No. 240 represents
an octopus or cuttle-fish (sepia), whose eight arms have been converted
into spirals, the head with the two eyes being distinctly visible.
No. 241 represents a flower; No. 242 a splendid spiral ornamentation;
No. 243, a beautiful butterfly; this type is exceedingly frequent.
Whether, as in the later Greek art, the butterfly is here the symbol of
immortality, as Mr. Chas. T. Newton reminds me, I do not dare to decide.
No. 244 presents a curious ornamentation of spirals in the form of six
serpents, round a central circle. In No. 245 we at once recognise again
the ornamentation of the sepulchral _stêlé_ (No. 142), as in No. 239,
which this one very much resembles. No. 246 has a most curious pattern,
which shows within a broad circular border six spirals, all very cleverly
finished off, each of them surrounding seven concentric circles, and
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