Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
I also found there six golden ornaments in the form of wheels, of one of
which I give the engraving (No. 316). Like the wheels of bronze which we
have passed in review, these six wheels have only four spokes, forming
a cross around the closed axle, which is merely indicated; but the
spokes are here curved, so as to form four semicircles. All of them are
ornamented with horizontal incisions; the felloes are very broad, and
have a spiral ornament all round.
[Illustration: No. 316. A Golden Wheel. Sepulchre III. Actual size.]
I also found in this sepulchre a lady's comb of gold, with teeth of bone;
but the latter are so much damaged that I cannot give an engraving of
them; further, a large silver seal-ring, which, having been in contact
with saline matter, has become chloride of silver, so that the engraving
on it has disappeared. Also, twelve tubes of gold plate, which had
evidently once been filled with wood to give them solidity; in some of
the tubes there were still remains of charred wood. The use of these
tubes is difficult to explain; they may have belonged either to sceptres
or to distaffs. Further, a large quantity of small or larger gold beads
of necklaces, and an enormous quantity of amber beads, likewise from
necklaces. These beads have grown dark-brown, probably owing to their
great antiquity, so that we at first mistook them for resin, but the
analysis of Professor Landerer has shown that they consist of the purest
amber. It will, of course, for ever remain a secret to us whether this
amber is derived from the coast of the Baltic or from Italy, where
it is found in several places, but particularly on the east coast of
Sicily; but it is highly probable that it was brought to Greece by the
Phœnicians, its name in Greek being _electrum_ (ἤλεκτρον),
and _elek_ signifying resin in Arabic, and probably also in Phœnician.
Amber was well known to Homer, who mentions it three times in the
Odyssey, as fitted, in lieu of precious stones, in gold ornaments.[297]
Amongst other objects found with the three bodies of the third tomb,
were a square leaf ornament, two golden breast-pins, a golden flower
on a silver stalk, many very small golden ornaments, a large number of
beads of a transparent red stone from a necklace, a gold-plated brooch of
bronze; seven ornaments of gold representing lions, of which, however,
only two are with heads; also, a golden ornament representing an ox
attacked by two lions. I collected there a large quantity of small pieces
of very thin beaten gold, with which the whole tomb, below and above the
bodies, was strewn.
[Sidenote: GOLD GOBLET AND BOX WITH LID.]
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