Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
Some of the lance-shafts seemed to be well preserved, but they crumbled
away when exposed to the air. Unfortunately the skulls of the five bodies
were in such a state of decomposition that none of them could be saved;
the two bodies with the head to the north had the face covered with large
masks of gold-plate in rude _repoussé_ work, one of which, unfortunately,
has been so much injured in the funeral fire and by the heavy weight
of the stones and _débris_, and, besides, the ashes stick so firmly to
it, that it was impossible to get a good photograph of it. However,
by looking at it for some minutes, one gets a tolerable idea of the
features. It represents a large oval youthful face with a high forehead,
a long Grecian nose, and a small mouth with thin lips; the eyes are shut,
and the hairs of both eyelashes and eyebrows are well marked.
[Illustration: No. 331. Mask of Gold, found on the face of a body.
Sepulchre IV. Size 1:3, about.]
Quite a different physiognomy is represented by the second mask (No.
331), which shews a round face, with full cheeks and a small forehead,
with which the nose does not range in a straight line, as on the other
mask; the mouth is but small, and has thick lips; the eyes are shut, and
the eyelashes, as well as the eyebrows, which are joined, are tolerably
represented.
A third mask of much thicker gold-plate was found covering the face of
one of the three bodies which lay with the head to the east.
[Illustration: No. 332. Gold Mask. Sepulchre IV. Size 3:8, about.]
[Sidenote: GOLDEN PORTRAIT MASKS.]
This mask, of which I give the engraving (No. 332), exhibits again a
totally different physiognomy: the wrinkles to the right and left above
the mouth, and the expression of the very large mouth with thin lips, can
leave no doubt that we have here the portrait of a man of more advanced
age. The forehead is very large and so are the eyes, which are open and
have neither lashes nor brows marked: the nose has been much pressed by
the stones and is out of shape. In this mask is preserved part of the
skull of the man whose face it covered.
The physiognomies represented by these three masks are so widely
different from each other, and so altogether different from the ideal
types of the statues of gods and heroes, that there cannot be the
slightest doubt that every one of them represents the likeness of the
deceased whose face it covered. Had it not been so, all the masks would
have represented the same ideal type.
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