Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
The splendid massive golden goblet (No. 346, p. 237) is also defaced,
having been pressed over to the left side of the spectator. It has two
horizontal handles, each formed by thick plates, which are joined by a
small cylinder. The lower plate of each of these handles is attached to
the large round foot by a long broad thick gold band, whose upper part
is embellished with a long opening, the upper end of which is pointed,
the lower being round. The lower part of the band is, for a like purpose,
cut out into three straps, which join again on the foot of the goblet,
where the band is fastened with two golden pins, with broad flat round
heads, which can be seen in the engraving. On each upper plate of the
two handles is soldered a beautiful little golden pigeon, apparently
of cast-work, with the beak turned towards the goblet, so that the two
pigeons are looking at each other. This goblet vividly reminds us of
Nestor's cup.[315]
[Illustration: No. 345. Gold Cup with one handle. Sepulchre IV. Size
11:12, about.]
[Illustration: No. 346. A Golden Goblet (δέπας
ἀμφικύπελλον) with two doves on the handles. Sepulchre IV.
Size 3:8.]
[Sidenote: THE NESTORIAN GOBLET.]
Homer's description of this Nestorian goblet fully answers to the vase
before us, except that the former is much larger and has four handles,
each with two pigeons, instead of only two handles, each with but one
pigeon, as our engraving shows. The Nestorian goblet had two bottoms,
and so has our goblet, because it is impossible to understand by "two
bottoms" anything else than the bottom of the goblet and the bottom of
its foot. The usual explanation of the Nestorian goblet, as having an
upper and a lower cup (the form also attributed to all the Homeric
δέπα ἀμφικύπελλα), is altogether erroneous. A goblet of
such a shape would have only one bottom common to its two cups, and it
could not, therefore, answer the requirements of the Homeric description.
Further, as such a double goblet could at all events be filled only on
one side at a time, there would be no _raison d'être_ for the two cups in
opposite directions. Besides, whenever a goblet with wine is presented
by one person to another, Homer clearly always means it to be understood
that it is a δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον, namely, that it is
double-handled, and that, being presented with the one handle, it is
received by the other. I may mention, besides, that no goblet with an
upper and a lower cup has ever yet been found, while I found twenty
differently-shaped goblets with two handles at Troy, and a large number
of double-handled goblets at Mycenæ, all of which can be nothing else
than δέπα ἀμφικύπελλα.
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