Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
I have not the slightest objection to admit that the tradition which
assigns the tombs in the Acropolis to Agamemnon and his companions, who
on their return from Ilium were treacherously murdered by Clytemnestra or
her paramour Ægisthus, may be perfectly correct and faithful. I am bound
to admit this so much the more, as we have the certainty that, to say the
least, all the bodies in each tomb had been buried simultaneously. The
calcined pebbles below each of them, the marks of the fire to the right
and left on the internal walls of the tombs, the undisturbed state of the
ashes and the charred wood on and around the bodies, give us the most
unmistakable proofs of this fact. Owing to the enormous depths of these
sepulchres, and the close proximity of the bodies to each other, it is
quite impossible that three or even five funeral piles could have been
dressed at different intervals of time in the same tomb.
[Sidenote: VERACITY OF THE TRADITION.]
The identity of the mode of burial, the perfect similarity of all the
tombs, their very close proximity, the impossibility of admitting
that three or even five royal personages of immeasurable wealth, who
had died a natural death at long intervals of time, should have been
huddled together in the same tomb, and, finally, the great resemblance
of all the ornaments, which show exactly the same style of art and the
same epoch--all these facts are so many proofs that all the twelve
men, three women, and perhaps two or three children, had been murdered
simultaneously and burned at the same time.
The veracity of the tradition seems further to be confirmed by the deep
veneration which the Myceneans and in fact the inhabitants of the whole
Argolid, have always shown for these five sepulchres. The funeral pyres
were not yet extinguished when they were covered with a layer of clay,
and then with a layer of pebbles, on which the earth was thrown at once.
To this circumstance chiefly are we indebted for the preservation of
so large a quantity of wood and the comparatively good preservation of
the bodies; for in no instance were the bones consumed by the fire,
and on several bodies, which were covered with golden masks and thick
breast-plates, even much of the flesh had remained. The site of each tomb
was marked by tombstones, and when these had been covered by the dust of
ages and had disappeared, fresh tombstones were erected on the new level,
but precisely over the spot where the ancient memorials lay buried.
Only on the large fourth sepulchre with the five bodies, instead of new
tombstones, a sacrificial altar of almost circular form was built.
As before explained, the first tomb had, according to all appearance,
been originally decorated with a large monument, from which came the
three tombstones with the bas-reliefs, and these sculptured tombstones
must have been taken out and erected on the new level.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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