Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
I have made this division into three periods merely to point out the
different architecture of the walls, and with no intention of maintaining
that the one must be more ancient than the other. On the contrary, after
mature consideration, I cannot think that the one kind of wall should
be considered older than the other, for, after the circuit walls had
once been built of rough stones of enormous size, it is hardly possible
that in after times part of them should have been destroyed in order
to replace them by walls of another type. Or if part of the primitive
walls had been razed by an enemy, there could have been no reason why
they should not be restored in the same style, which was quite as solid
as the other, and was besides much cheaper and easier, because only the
wall could have been destroyed, but not the stones, which lay ready to be
put up again. It appears also to have been the custom of the primitive
builders to pay a little more attention to symmetry and regularity in
the more monumental portions of their work. I conclude, therefore, that
the three kinds of architecture existed simultaneously in that remote
age of antiquity when the walls of Mycenæ were built, but that in later
times the style of architecture marked as of the "first period" went out
of fashion, and the two other modes of building alone remained in use.
Walls of polygonal blocks continued in use in Greece until the time of
the Macedonian dominion; a proof of which is seen, for instance, in the
masonry of the sepulchres at the Hagia Trias in Athens, as well as the
fortifications on the island of Salamis, of which we know with certainty
that they were erected in the fourth or fifth century, B.C.[107] Within
the last sixteen years walls of polygonal blocks have come extensively
into use in Sweden and Norway, particularly for the substructions of
railway bridges.
The first western terrace is bordered on its east side, for a distance of
166 feet, by a Cyclopean wall 30 feet high, which is crowned by the ruins
of a tower, and runs parallel with the great circuit wall; it is no doubt
part of a second enclosure.[108] Remnants of other enclosures are visible
a little higher up the mount to the left, as well as on the eastern side.
A second interior tower appears to have stood at the south-western corner
of the summit.
Near the north-western corner the circuit wall is traversed by an
ogive-like passage 16½ feet long, like those of Tiryns (see No. 20).
Traces of Cyclopean house-walls and foundations can be seen on all but
the first eastern and western terraces.
[Illustration: No. 20. Entrance to the ogive-like Gallery in the Walls of
the Citadel of Mycenæ.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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