Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and TirynsSchliemann, Heinrich
History
Mycenæ: a narrative of researches and discoveries at Mycenæ and Tiryns
Schliemann, Heinrich
Mycenae (Extinct city); Tiryns (Extinct city)
The postern-gate[115] consists likewise of three large slabs, namely,
two uprights and the lintel by which these are roofed. The opening of
this gateway likewise widens from the top downward; at the top it is
5 ft. 4 in. wide and 5 ft. 11 in. at the bottom. On the lintel stands
a triangular slab, inclusive of which the gate is 14 feet high. The
grooves for the bolts in the jambs of the door are square and of large
dimensions. The situation of this gate is not very favourable, because
the enemies who attacked it would have their left arm, which was guarded
by the shield, on the side of the Acropolis. On the slope on the west
side are several subterranean cisterns.
According to Plutarch, the first name of the mount of the citadel was
Argion.[116] It is significant that it is never mentioned by ancient
authors under the appellation of "acropolis." Sophocles (_Electra_)
calls it δῶμα Πελοπιδῶν or 'residence of the Pelopids,'
also οὐράνια τείχη, 'heavenly walls.' Euripides[117] also
calls it, "stone Cyclopean heavenly walls," and further[118] "Cyclopean
heavenly walls," and this must refer to the hugeness of the walls and
towers. Strabo[119] justly observes that, on account of the close
vicinity of Argos and Mycenæ, the tragic poets have made a confusion
regarding their names, continually substituting the one for the other.
But this is to be excused, because in antiquity travelling was both
difficult and very unsafe. Besides, people were not archæologists, and
though every one took the very deepest interest in the ancient history of
Greece, no one cared to submit to the trouble and hardship, or to incur
the danger, of visiting even the places which had been the scene of his
country's most glorious actions. This could not possibly be better proved
than by the fact that no ancient author mentions the reconstruction of
Mycenæ after its capture and destruction in 468 B.C.
[Sidenote: MYCENÆ AND ARGOS.]
Homer himself is seemingly guilty of making a confusion regarding the
names of Argos and Mycenæ, because he puts into the mouth of Agamemnon
the words concerning Chryseis:
"Her I release not, till her youth be fled;
Within my walls, in Argos, far from home,
Her lot is cast, domestic cares to ply,
And share a master's bed...."--LORD DERBY.[120]
But by the name Argos Homer understands here the Argolid territory and
perhaps the whole Peloponnesus; a sense of which another passage can
leave no doubt:[121]
"O'er all the Argive coast and neighbouring isles to reign."
The same may be the case, more or less, with the later tragic poets, and
at all events it must be so with Euripides, because he knew Mycenæ too
well to mistake it for Argos. Thus he calls Mycenæ[122] "the altars of
the Cyclopes;" "the Cyclopean Mycenæ";[123] and "the handiwork of the
Cyclopes":--[124]
"Do you call the city of Perseus the handiwork of the Cyclopes?"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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