Indians of North America -- Folklore; Modoc Indians -- Folklore; Modoc Indians -- Religion; Modoc mythology
In this myth there is a fine description of Wus. He could make people
old; he could change them to animals or to anything he chose. He was
the greatest trickster in the world; he delighted in deceiving people.
He made Tsmuk look toward the east; immediately Tsmuk’s body became a
black cloud. A west wind came and carried the cloud away; it was
daylight. Wus said to Tsmuk, “You’ll no longer be a person. You’ll be
darkness, and people will sleep when you are here. But I shall not
sleep. I will sleep in the daytime and travel at night.” The last part
of Wus’ declaration must be an interpolation, for Wus is connected with
light. In the mythology of one of the Pacific coast tribes a personage
with many of the characteristics of Wus is known to be that warm light
which in fine weather we see waving and dancing above the earth. He
leads persons astray, and is full of mischief and deceit.
FROST AND THUNDER (YAHYÁHAÄS).
This is the only myth in the collection in which Frost is a known
character. Wus steals Gowwá’s wife, Gowwá gets her back, then the Lok
people (clouds) steal her, Gowwá kills the Loks and rescues his wife
only to have her stolen by Yahyáhaäs, who carries her to his home under
the rocks. All the strong people in the world assemble to aid Gowwá,
but they cannot break the rocks. Then Tckumhûs, or Tsasgips, as he is
familiarly called,—a little man who looks puny and powerless,—says that
he can break the rocks. He blows on them and they fall apart.
YAHYÁHAÄS
Yahyáhaäs makes the sun hasten its course. In this myth the misfortune
which results from looking back is clearly stated: “If you look back
you will die.”—Usually the person who looks back is turned to stone, as
in the Bible Lot’s wife was turned into a pillar of salt.
YAHYÁHAÄS AND THE KÚJA SISTERS
As usual in Indian myth-tales, the younger sister has the most power.
Yahyáhaäs boasted that he could conquer the Kúja sisters. The eldest,
to show her power, stuck a woodpecker’s feather in the ground and it
came up a streak of fire in Yahyáhaäs’ cane.
Kûlta had been dead a long time. Kúja washed his body and stretched it,
then, by stepping over it, brought it to life.
Bringing to life is one of the most familiar performances in American
and in Oriental mythology. The Mongolian hero sprinkles a pile of bones
with the Water of Life taken from a spring near a silver-leafed aspen
tree. Immediately the bones resume their old connections and take on
flesh; the man rises and proceeds on his journey as though nothing had
happened.
It should be remembered that, whatever be the names of the myth-tale
heroes at present, the original heroes were not human; they perform
deeds which no man could perform, which only one of the forces of
nature could perform, if it had the volition and desires of a person.
In a beautiful myth of the Warm Spring Indians of California, Summer, a
long time dead, is brought to life by the South Wind.
TSMUK AND GÓSHGOISE
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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