The Egyptian theory has been mainly worked out in the present century. Paul Felix Cabrera’s _Teatro critico Americano_, printed with Rio’s _Palenqué_ (Lond., 1822), formulates the proofs. An essay by A. Lenoir, comparing the Central American monuments with those of Egypt, is appended to Dupaix’s _Antiquités Méxicaines_ (1805). Delafield’s _Inquiry into the Origin of the Antiquities of America_ (Cincinnati, 1839), traces it to the Cushites of Egypt, and cites Garcia y Cubas, _Ensayo de an Estudio Comparativo entre las Pirámides Egipcias y Méxicanas_. Brasseur de Bourbourg discussed the question, _S’il existe des sources de l’histoire primitive du Méxique dans les monuments égyptiens de l’histoire primitive de l’ancien monde dans les monuments américains?_ in his ed. of Landa’s _Relations des Choses de Yucatan_ (Paris, 1864). Buckle (_Hist. of Civilization_, i. ch. 2) believes the Mexican civilization to have been strictly analogous to that of India and Egypt. Tylor (_Early Hist. of Mankind_, 98) compares the Egyptian hieroglyphics with those of the Aztecs. John T. C. Heaviside, _Amer. Antiquities, or the New World the Old, and the Old World the New_ (London, 1868), maintains the reverse theory of the Egyptians being migrated Americans. F. de Varnhagen works out his belief in _L’origine touranienne des américains tupis-caribes et des anciens égyptiens montrée principalement par la philologie comparée; et notice d’une émigration en Amérique effectuée à travers l’Atlantique plusieurs siècles avant notre ère_ (Vienne 1876).[382] Aristotle’s mention of an island discovered by the Phœnicians was thought by Gomara and Oviedo to refer to America. The elder leading writers on the origin of the Indians, like Garcia, Horn, De Laet, and at a later day Lafitau, discuss the Phœnician theory; as does Voss in his annotations on Pomponius Mela (1658), and Count de Gebelin in his _Monde primitif_ (Paris, 1781). In the present century the question has been touched by Cabrera in Rio’s _Palenqué_ (1822). R. A. Wilson, in his _New Conquest of Mexico_, assigns (ch. v.) the ruins of Middle America to the Phœnicians. Morlot, in the _Actes de la Société Jurassienne d’Emulation_ (1863), printed his “La découverte de l’Amérique par les Phènicièns.” Gaffarel sums up the evidences in a paper in the _Compte Rendu, Cong. des Amér._ (Nancy), i. 93.[383] The Tyrian theory has been mainly sustained by a foolish book, by a foolish man, _An Original History of Anc. America_ (London, 1843), by Geo. Jones, later known as the Count Johannes (cf. Bancroft’s _Native Races_, v. 73). The Carthaginian discovery rests mainly on the statements of Diodorus Siculus.[384] Baron Zach in his _Correspondenz_ undertakes to say that Roman voyages to America were common in the days of Seneca, and a good deal of wild speculation has been indulged in.[385]