Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
To carry out the voyage, a sum of money was placed at the disposal of
Roberval, who agreed with Cartier to build and equip five[177] vessels.
Soon the shipyards of St. Malo resounded with the din of labor,
and the Breton carpenters promptly fulfilled their task. Roberval,
however, had not in the mean time completed his preparations, and
yet, having express orders from the King not to delay, Cartier, with
the approval of Roberval, set sail with three or more ships, May 23,
1541. He encountered a succession of storms for three months, having
less than thirty hours of fair wind in all that time. One ship, under
the Viscount of Beaupré, kept company with Cartier, but the rest were
scattered. The fleet assembled at Carpunt, in Newfoundland, waiting in
vain for Roberval. Cartier accordingly went on, and reached the Harbor
of Holy Cross, August 23. The savages hailed him with joy, and inquired
for their chief, Donnacona, and the other captives. They were informed
that Donnacona had died in France, where he had received the faith and
been baptized, while the rest had married, and stayed there as great
lords, whereas in fact all except a little girl had died.[178] Agona,
who had ruled during the interregnum, was not at all dissatisfied, as
it left him invested with kingship; yet, as a compliment, he took the
crown of tanned leather and _esurguy_ from his own head, and placed
it upon Cartier’s, whose wrists he also adorned with his bracelets,
showing signs of joy. This, however, was mere dissimulation. Next,
Cartier took his fleet to a harbor four leagues nearer Quebec, where
he built a fort called Charlesbourg Royal. On the 2d of September Macé
Jalobert, his brother-in-law, and Etienne Noel, his nephew, were sent
back to France with two of his ships, to report the non-arrival of
Roberval. Leaving Beaupré in command at Charlesbourg Royal, Cartier
ascended the St. Lawrence, visiting on the way a lord of Hochelay. In
his previous voyage this chief had proved sincere, informing him of
the meditated treachery of Taignoagny and Domagaya. He now bestowed
upon him “a cloak of Paris red,” with yellow facings and tin buttons
and bells. Going on, Cartier passed Hochelaga, and attempted to ascend
the rapids, two of which he actually stemmed. Arriving at Hochelaga,
he found that the chief had gone to Quebec to plot against him with
Agona. Returning to Charlesbourg, he passed the winter, seeing little
of the natives. In the spring, having gathered a quantity of quartz
crystals, which he fancied were diamonds, and some thin scales of metal
supposed to be gold, he sailed for France. In the Harbor of St. John,
Newfoundland, Hakluyt says, he met Roberval, then on his way to Canada.
The “gold” was tried in a furnace, and “found to be good.” Cartier
reported the country rich and fruitful; but when ordered by Roberval
to return, he pleaded his inability to stand against the savages with
so small a number of men; while in Hakluyt we read that “hee and his
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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