Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 4 (of 8): French Explorations and Settlements in North America and Those of the Portuguese, Dutch, and Swedes 1500-1700
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
At this time the young French engineer, Franquelin, was in Quebec
making record as best he could, from such information as reached
headquarters, of the progress of the various discoverers. There
are maps of his as early as 1679 and 1681 which are enumerated by
Harrisse.[613] Parkman is also inclined to ascribe to Franquelin a
map with neither date nor author, but of superior skill in drafting,
which is called _Carte de l’Amérique septentrionale et partie de
la meridionale ... avec les nouvelles decouvertes de la Rivière
Mississipi, ou Colbert_. It records an event of 1679 in a legend, and
omits the lower Mississippi; which would indicate that the record was
made before the results of La Salle’s explorations were known.[614] A
sketch of the Map of 1682 is given herewith from a copy in the Barlow
Collection.
[Illustration: MAP OF 1682.]
From La Salle, on his arrival in Quebec late in 1683, Franquelin
undoubtedly got new and trustworthy information of that explorer’s
expedition down the Mississippi; and this he embodied in what is
usually known as Franquelin’s Great Map of 1684. It professed to
have been made in Paris, and as Franquelin was not in that city in
1684, Harrisse contends that it was the work of De la Croix upon
Franquelin’s material. It is called _Carte de la Louisiane, ou des
voyages du Sieur de la Salle et des pays qu’il a découverts depuis la
Nouvelle-France jusqu’au Golfe de Mexique, les années 1679-80-81 et 82,
par Jean-Baptiste Louis Franquelin, l’an 1684, Paris_. It was formerly
in the Archives du Dépôt de la Marine; but Harrisse[615] reports it as
missing from that repository, and describes it from the accounts given
by Parkman and by Thomassy.[616] A manuscript copy of this map was made
for Mr. Parkman, which is now in Harvard College Library, and from this
copy another copy was made in 1856, which is now in the Library of
Parliament at Ottawa. Mr. Parkman’s copy has been used in the annexed
sketch.
[Illustration: FRANQUELIN’S 1684 MAP.]
Harrisse says that De la Croix made the _Carte de l’Amérique
septent^{le}_,[617] which also purports to be Franquelin’s, and shows
the observations of “douze années.” Harrisse places this map also in
1684, for the reason that a third map by Franquelin, _Carte de la
Amérique septentrionale_,[618] is dated 1688, and claims to embody the
observations of “plus de 16 années,” giving names and legends not in
the earlier ones.[619]
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