The severest criticism of Margry’s publication has come from Dr. Shea, in a tract entitled _The Bursting of Pierre Margry’s La Salle Bubble_, New York, 1879,—a paper which first appeared in the _New York Freeman’s Journal_. Margry is judged by his critic to have unwarrantably extended the collection by repeating what had already elsewhere been printed, sometimes at greater length.[672] The “bubble” in question is the view long entertained by Margry that La Salle was the real discoverer of the Mississippi, and which he has set forth at different times in the following places:— 1. “Les Normands dans les vallées de l’Ohio et du Mississippi,” in the _Journal general de l’instruction publique_, July-September, 1862, placing the event in 1670-1671. 2. _Revue maritime et colonial_, Paris (1872), xxxiii. 555. 3. _La priorité de La Salle sur le Mississipi_, Paris, 1873,—a pamphlet. 4. The preface to his _Découvertes_, etc., 1876. 5. A letter in the _American Antiquarian_ (Chicago, 1880), ii. 206, which was addressed to the Wisconsin Historical Society (_Collections_, ix. 108), and which first appeared in J. D. Butler’s translation in the _State Journal_, Madison, Wisconsin, July 30, 1879. Margry, who has wavered somewhat, first claimed that La Salle reached the Mississippi by the Ohio in 1670; and later he has contended for the route by the Illinois in 1671. He bases his claim upon four grounds:— First, upon a _Récit d’un ami de l’Abbé de Galinée_, 1666-1678 (printed in the _Découvertes_, etc., i. 342, 378),[673] which is without date, but which Margry holds to be the work of Abbé Renaudot, derived from La Salle in Paris in 1678, wherein it is stated that La Salle, after parting with Dollier and Galinée, made a first expedition to the Ohio, and a second by the Illinois to the Mississippi. Second, upon a letter of La Salle’s niece, dated 1756 (i. 379), which affirms that the writer of it possessed maps which had belonged to La Salle in 1676, and that such maps showed that previous to that date he had made two voyages of discovery, and that upon these maps the Colbert (Mississippi) is put down. Third, upon a letter of Frontenac in 1677 to Colbert (i. 324), which places, as is alleged, the voyage of Joliet after that of La Salle; but at the same time (ii. 285) he prints a paper of La Salle virtually admitting Joliet’s priority. Fourth, upon the general antagonism between the Jesuits, who espoused Joliet’s claim, and the merchants, who were, with La Salle, the adherents of the Sulpitians and Recollects. Sides have been taken among scholars in regard to the irrefragability of these evidences, but with a great preponderance of testimony against their validity. The principal supporter of Margry’s view (though Henri Martin has adopted it) has been Gabriel Gravier in the following publications:— 1. _Découvertes et établissements de la Cavelier de la Salle de Rouen dans l’Amérique du nord_, Paris, 1870.