Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
History
Narrative and Critical History of America, Vol. 6 (of 8): The United States of North America, Part I
America -- Discovery and exploration; America -- History; United States -- History
DISPOSAL OF THE CONVENTION TROOPS.[732]—In accordance with Article
IV. of the convention, the captured army was marched, under guard of
General Glover, to the neighborhood of Boston, where it arrived about
Nov. 6th. The British troops were barracked on Prospect Hill and the
German troops on Winter Hill, the officers being quartered in Cambridge
and the neighboring towns. Much complaint was made of the character
and insufficiency of their accommodations, but considering the limited
supply of houses at the disposal of General Heath, commanding the
Eastern department, he did the best in his power, without the aid of
the State of Massachusetts, to whose Council he appealed for the use
of "at least one of the colleges" for their comfort. At the worst,
however, these captives fared far better than our own troops at Valley
Forge during that winter.[733]
Under Article V. supplies were to be furnished to Burgoyne's army
"at the same rates." This was interpreted by Congress, Dec. 19th, to
mean "that the accounts of all provisions and other necessaries which
already have been or which hereafter may be supplied by the public to
prisoners in the power of these States shall be discharged by either
receiving from the British Commissary of Prisoners, or any of his
agents, provisions or other necessaries, equal in quality and kind to
what had been supplied, or the amount thereof in gold or silver."
Exacting provisions _in kind_, though inconvenient to the British
commissary, was not unreasonable, considering their scarcity; but the
condition that expenditures made in depreciated Continental money
should be liquidated, dollar for dollar, in gold and silver, was a hard
one. As a justification for this latter requirement, it was stated by
Congress "that General Howe had required that provisions should be sent
in for the subsistence of the American prisoners in his possession,
and that for the purchase of such necessaries he had forbidden the
circulation of the currency of the States within such parts as are
subject to his power."
By Article II. General Howe was authorized to send transports to Boston
to receive the troops for their conveyance to England. For its failure
to carry out the obligation imposed upon it by its own general, the
American government, through Congress, justified itself by claiming
that Burgoyne had already evaded the provisions of Article I. of the
convention. Bancroft, in his _History of the United States_, contends
that it had been broken by Burgoyne at the time of the surrender,
by the concealment of the military chest and other public property,
of which the United States were thus defrauded.[734] He therefore
sustains Congress in its subsequent demand for the descriptive lists
"of all persons comprehended in the surrender", and the postponing of
the embarkation of Burgoyne's army "until his capitulation should be
expressly confirmed by Great Britain."
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