Narrative and Miscellaneous PapersDe Quincey, Thomas
General
Narrative and Miscellaneous Papers
De Quincey, Thomas
English essays; English fiction
But the most interesting to us of the _personalities_ connected with
Coleridge are his feuds and his personal dislikes. Incomprehensible to
us is the war of extermination which Coleridge made upon the political
economists. Did Sir James Steuart, in speaking of vine-dressers, (not
_as_ vine-dressers, but generally as cultivators,) tell his readers,
that, if such a man simply replaced his own consumption, having no
surplus whatever or increment for the public capital, he could not be
considered a useful citizen? Not the beast in the Revelation is held up
by Coleridge as more hateful to the spirit of truth than the Jacobite
baronet. And yet we know of an author--viz., one S. T. Coleridge--who
repeated that same doctrine without finding any evil in it. Look at the
first part of the _Wallenstein_, where Count Isolani having said, 'Pooh!
we are _all_ his subjects,' _i. e._, soldiers, (though unproductive
laborers,) not less than productive peasants, the emperor's envoy
replies--'Yet with a difference, general;' and the difference implies
Sir James's scale, his vine-dresser being the equatorial case between
the two extremes of the envoy. Malthus again, in his population-book,
contends for a mathematic difference between animal and vegetable life,
in respect to the law of increase, as though the first increased by
geometrical ratios, the last by arithmetical! No proposition more
worthy of laughter; since both, when permitted to expand, increase
by geometrical ratios, and the latter by much higher ratios. Whereas,
Malthus persuaded himself of his crotchet simply by refusing the
requisite condition in the vegetable case, and granting it in the
other. If you take a few grains of wheat, and are required to plant all
successive generations of their produce in the same flower-pot for ever,
of course you neutralize its expansion by your own act of arbitrary
limitation. [Footnote: Malthus would have rejoined by saying--that the
flowerpot limitation was the actual limitation of nature in our present
circumstances. In America it is otherwise, he would say, but England
is the very flowerpot you suppose; she is a flowerpot which cannot be
multiplied, and cannot even be enlarged. Very well, so be it (which we
say in order to waive irrelevant disputes). But then the true inference
will be--not that vegetable increase proceeds under a different law from
that which governs animal increase, but that, through an accident of
position, the experiment cannot be tried in England. Surely the levers
of Archimedes, with submission to Sir Edward B. Lytton, were not the
less levers because he wanted the _locum standi_. It is proper, by the
way, that we should inform the reader of this generation where to look
for Coleridge's skirmishings with Malthus. They are to be found chiefly
in the late Mr. William Hazlitt's work on that subject: a work which
Coleridge so far claimed as to assert that it had been substantially
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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