Sultán Mustafá Khán ascended the throne on the deposition of his brother the unfortunate Othmán, who though he was considered weak-minded, was rather an intelligent prince, but unfortunately had not sufficient strength to extinguish the fire of sedition which had been kindled in his time, nor to subdue the revolutionary spirit of his troops. The Janissaries at the instigation of one of their ághás, Kara Mazák, gave the seals to Dávud Páshá, afterwards to Kara Husain Páshá, and then to Lefkelí Mustafa Páshá. The latter having also failed in quelling the riots, was deposed after having been seventy-eight days in office: and the rebels then transferred the seals to Gúrjí Mohammed Páshá. But as he was detected in making an improper use of the public money, the seals were returned to Kara Husain Páshá. This person was a great tyrant, and having in a royal diván, in the presence of the two great judges, ordered two hundred lashes of the bastinado to be inflicted upon a Mollá, the whole body of the Ulemá, with the Shaikh-al-Islám, assembled in the mosque of Sultán Mohammed II. The mufti, however, made his escape, under the pretence that he was going to remonstrate with the grand vezír, who in the mean time having heard of this assemblage, ordered his own servants, those of the treasury, and some troops, to assail the assembled Ulemá. The result was that many hundreds of the Ulemá were slain, and the wells in the court of the mosque of Sultán Mohammed were filled with dead bodies. These affairs having become known in the provinces, Abáza Páshá rebelled at Erzerúm, and Háfiz Ahmed Páshá at Díárbekr. It having been rumoured that, in order to avenge the innocent blood of Sultán Othmán, Abáza had killed all the Janissaries at Erzerúm, Jegháleh Zádeh was appointed commander against Abáza, and Kara Mazák ághá of the Janissaries; but they proceeded no farther than Brúsa, fearing they had not sufficient strength to meet the rebel. The Persians taking advantage of these favourable opportunities, made an inroad with 30,000 men, and with the assistance of Chopúr Bekirzádeh took possession of Baghdád and Mosúl, in the year 1033 (1623). Kemán-kesh Alí Páshá was raised to the rank of grand vezír. He had been one of the lower officers of the Janissaries, and had raised himself to the honour of an alliance with one of the daughters of Sultán Ahmed. The Janissaries and Sipáhís now united, and Kemán-kesh was made the tool of their bloody designs. The principal inhabitants, however, of the city, the Ulemá, and the people of the seráï, were afraid to appear either at the mosques or at the baths. At last the chiefs of the troops began to meditate the change of their emperor; but as the public treasury had been exhausted by three general donations to the troops since the time of Sultán Ahmed’s reign, they swore amongst themselves to dispense with the usual largess, and raised Sultán Murád to the throne, on the 14th of Zilka’deh 1032. A new