Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictorFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictor
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Racer snake
My own observations, made both under natural conditions and in large
outdoor enclosures, are likewise somewhat incomplete, but indicate
that the whole sequence of courtship and mating is divisible into the
following well-defined stages: 1) the finding of a receptive female by
the male; 2) the persistent following of the female by the male, who
courts her by lying extended along her body and performing writhing
movements, with periodic interruptions during which he momentarily
leaves the female and courses rapidly through the grass around her; 3)
the acceptance of the male by the female, signalled by the raising of
her tail and the almost instantaneous intromission; 4) the dragging of
the passive male by the female while he is firmly attached to her
during the period of coitus; 5) separation of the pair and involution
of the male's hemipenis.
Even in the breeding season, racers that were confined in enclosures
usually were either indifferent to each other or responded with
reactions of fear or hostility. In moving they tended to follow the
edges, and often two moving in opposite directions would approach each
other; when this occurred, one snake might strike at the other with a
short jab that seemed to be mostly bluff, and then would dart away.
The males, being smaller, were usually the more wary.
Sexual behavior was noticed on only a few occasions. Several large
adult males were less wary than others and usually manifested
curiosity or interest toward other racers. My most complete
observations of sexual behavior were made on May 18, 1962, when a
newly caught adult male was added to an enclosure of 100-foot
circumference already containing several racers, two of which were
large adult females. Within half an hour the male was found courting
one of the females. She was lying in a loose coil, with the male
extended along her. At my approach the female darted away in alarm for
approximately three feet, and the male moved with her, so swiftly and
adroitly that he maintained contact and was in approximately his
original position with respect to the female when she stopped.
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