Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4Wright, Julia McNair
Science
Nature readers : $b Sea-side and way-side. No. 4
Wright, Julia McNair
Nature study -- Juvenile literature; Readers
The head of the siren is small; it seems to have as little use for
brains as for feet. The snout is short and broad, with the nostrils
near the tip; and as for eyes!--they are the tiniest little dots;
evidently our siren does not depend much on taking observations of
its surroundings. On the other hand the mouth of the creature is
disproportionately large, opening across the entire head. The beastie
lives to eat, and his mouth is, it seems, his chief organ. This ugly
head sits close on an eel-like body which finishes up in a point at the
tail, where there is a fin, as a fish has.
The most conspicuous feature of the siren is the appendage placed
branch-like on each side of the neck. These appendages have three
divisions, each one with a separate attachment, and under each one is a
small slit or opening into the siren’s throat. What are these branches
waving like plumes? They are external gills, and very pretty they
are, the only pretty things about a siren; these gills are of a pale
rose-color shaded with gray, and waving and catching the light as the
creature swims, they redeem him from absolute ugliness.
I have often wondered why this animal has been named a siren, after the
beautiful and fatal creature of fable. Beauty, song, malice; these were
the three characteristics of the sirens of which old Homer sung, and
not one of these endowments belongs to the siren of the marshes,--ugly,
silent, harmless. He is hungry, and he eats, and his food is toads,
frogs, insects, any animal organism he can find in the water. He merely
opens his mouth and takes his prey in; he neither lulls it nor lures it
with music.
A first cousin of this lizard-formed siren, is the striped siren of
Georgia. This has only one gill branch, and is distinguished by a
broad, yellow band on each side, and a narrower one on the under part
of the body. “A mud-eel” it is popularly called. It is very scarce, and
valuable accordingly. Few of the museums or zoölogical gardens have
specimens of this siren. No doubt ignorant and careless people, finding
this odd and helpless creature in its native haunts, ruthlessly kill
it, just because they can, and leave to decay specimens which, if taken
living, or carefully preserved in alcohol, would have been of great
value.
The siren sometimes suffers the loss of its pretty gills in a queer
way. Fishes, attracted by their roseate color, nibble them off. In such
cases the siren can breathe by coming to the surface of the water, and
taking in mouthfuls of air, which it suffers to escape through the
slits at the neck. This method of breathing is evidently inconvenient
and difficult to the creature, but allows it to maintain life until
new gill-branches grow, a process which requires some eight weeks to
accomplish.
Some sirens wear a little gold-colored band about the lips and face,
which band shines like molten metal in the water, and gives them a gay
appearance.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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