Nature's Teachings: Human Invention Anticipated by NatureWood, J. G. (John George)
History
Nature's Teachings: Human Invention Anticipated by Nature
Wood, J. G. (John George)
Inventions; Natural history
THE natural analogy of the fixed net is evidently the web of the common
Garden Spider, or Cross Spider (_Epeira diadema_), whose beautiful nets
we all must have admired, especially when we are wise enough to get up
sufficiently early in the morning to see the webs with the dewdrops
glittering on them.
Last year there was a wonderful sight. Within a mile of my house there
is a long iron fence, which in one night had been covered with the webs
of the garden spider. The following morning, though bright, was chilly,
so that the dewdrops were untouched. I happened to pass by the fence
soon after sunrise, and was greatly struck with the astonishing effects
which could be produced with such simple materials as water and web. The
dewdrops were set at regular intervals upon the web, so as to produce a
definite and beautiful pattern, the whole line of fence looking as if
it had been woven in fine lace.
Then, as the fence runs north and south, and the path is on the westward
of it, every passenger saw the rays of the rising sun dart through these
tiny globules, and convert every one of them into a jewel of
ever-changing colours. It seemed a pity that such beauty could but last
for an hour or so, or that these exquisite webs should only be used for
catching flies.
* * * * *
NEXT comes the Casting-net in its various forms. This net is mostly
circular, and is loaded round the edge with small leaden plummets. It is
evident that, if such a net could be laid quite flat upon the water, it
would assume a dome-like shape, in consequence of the circumference
being heavier than the centre, and would sink to the bottom, enclosing
anything which came within its scope.
The difficulty is to place the net in such a manner, and this is
accomplished by throwing it in a very peculiar way. The net is gathered
in folds upon the shoulder, which it partially envelops. By a sudden
jerk the thrower causes it to fly open with a sort of spinning movement,
and when well cast it will fall on the water perfectly flat.
After allowing it to sink to the bottom, the fisherman draws it very
gently by a cord attached to its middle. As he raises it the weights of
the leaded circumference are drawn nearer and nearer together by their
own weight, and finally form it into a bag, within which are all the
living creatures which it has enclosed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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