Nature's Teachings: Human Invention Anticipated by NatureWood, J. G. (John George)
History
Nature's Teachings: Human Invention Anticipated by Nature
Wood, J. G. (John George)
Inventions; Natural history
It varies much in form and size, sometimes being square and sometimes
round; sometimes small enough to be used as a rat-trap, and sometimes
large enough to catch and hold human beings, in which case it was known
by the name of man-trap. This latter form is now as illegal as the
spring-gun, and though the advertisement “Man-traps and Spring-guns are
set in these grounds” is still to be seen, neither one nor the other can
be there.
They are all constructed on the same principle, namely, a couple of
toothed jaws which are driven together by a spring, when the spring is
not controlled by a catch. They are evidently borrowed from actual jaws,
the same words being used to signify the movable portions and notches of
the trap as are employed to designate the corresponding parts in the
real jaw.
In both figures of the accompanying illustration we shall see how exact
is the parallel. On the right hand is a common rat-trap, or gin, such as
is sold for eightpence, with the jaws wide open, so as to show the
teeth. On the left is a sketch of the upper and lower jaws of the
Dolphin, in which an exactly analogous structure is to be seen.
[Illustration: JAWS OF DOLPHIN (OPEN). RAT-TRAP (OPEN).]
The figure on the right hand of the lower illustration shows a man-trap
as it appears when closed, the teeth interlocking so as exactly to fit
between each other. The same principle is exhibited in the jaws of the
Porpoise, which are seen on the left of the illustration. The jaws of an
Alligator or Crocodile would have answered the purpose quite as well,
inasmuch as their teeth interlock in a similar fashion, but I thought
that it would be better to give as examples the jaws of allied animals.
The reason for this interlocking is evident. All these creatures feed
principally on fish, and this mode of constructing the jaws enables them
to secure their prey when once seized.
[Illustration: JAWS OF PORPOISE (CLOSED). MAN-TRAP (CLOSED).]
[Illustration: FORE-LEGS OF PHASMA. MOUSE-TRAP.]
Another example of such teeth is to be found in the fore-legs of various
species of Phasma and Mantis, as may be seen by reference to the
illustration. The latter insects are wonderfully fierce and pugnacious,
fighting with each other on the least provocation, and feeding mostly on
other insects, which they secure in their deeply-toothed fore-legs.
They use these legs with wonderful force and rapidity, and it is said
that a pair of these insects fighting remind the observer of a duel with
sabres.
THE BAITED TRAP.
Our space being valuable, we are not able to give many examples of
Baited Traps, whether in Art or Nature.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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