The projectiles used in the German Navy are shot, shell, case-shot, and shrapnel. Shot are either solid or hollow for the lighter calibres, and hollow for the heavy ones. They are of ordinary cast-iron, chilled cast-iron, and steel, the solid shot being invariably made of ordinary cast-iron. They are of two different types, according to the style of rifling arrangement. In the earlier patterns, all projectiles were provided with a lead belt extending from the shoulder to within about two inches of the base. To receive and hold this jacket, broad shallow grooves were cut around the circumference of the projectile, the ridges left having slots cut through them at intervals to resist the tendency of the jacket to slew around. The jacket was moulded around the projectile and zinc-soldered. Corresponding with the grooves in the projectile, there were grooves in the jacket to receive the overflow of metal forced back when the projectile took the rifling. [Illustration: Chilled Shot. Common Shell. Chilled Shot. Common Shell. Long Shell. Segment Shell. Common Shell. 27-cm. Gun. 15-cm. Gun. 17-cm. 8-cm.] In the late patterns, instead of a jacket, two rings are used; the forward one being for centring or holding steady the head of the projectile, and the rear and larger one for rifling. This rear one is provided with grooves to receive the overflow of metal. Both rings are copper. The steel and chilled shot are very similar in appearance. Shell are similar in exterior shape and appointment to shot, and are all made of ordinary cast-iron. Double shell (see English Ordnance) are used with the 17-cm. and 15-cm. calibres. Case-shot are of the ordinary pattern. Shrapnel are only used with boat-guns, and are similar in construction to the English. (See English Ordnance.) Solid shot are used only with the 17-cm. and 15-cm. guns. Case-shot are not used with boat-guns. Hollow-shot, shell, and case-shot are used with all the higher calibres. Fuses are not used with hollow-shot, the bases of which are closed by a gun-metal screw-plug. FUSES. [Illustration: German Percussion Fuse.]