Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus SmiliscaDuellman, William Edward
Science
Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca
Duellman, William Edward
Amphibians -- Central America; Frogs; Smilisca
No outstanding differences in proportions exist between species,
although certain proportions are sufficiently different in some species
to warrant mention. _Smilisca baudini_ is a more squat and stocky frog
than other members of the genus; this is reflected in the somewhat
shorter hind legs (Table 6). The size of the tympanum relative to that
of the eye is highly variable within samples of a given species. Even
so, noticeable differences in the tympanum/eye ratio are apparent.
Members of the _baudini_ group have the largest tympani, whereas _S.
sila_ and _sordida_ have the smallest, and _S. puma_ is intermediate
(Table 6).
_Shape of Snout_
Although all members of the genus have rather truncate snouts, subtle
differences exist among the species (Pl. 12). _Smilisca sila_ has the
shortest snout; that of _S. baudini_ is only slightly longer. The snouts
of _S. cyanosticta_ and _puma_ are nearly square in lateral profile,
whereas those of _S. phaeota_ and _sordida_ are slightly inclined. The
shape of the snout is relatively uniform within each species and
displays no noticeable sexual dimorphism, except in _S. sordida_, in
which there are sexual differences and geographic variation (see p.
324).
_Hands and Feet_
The characters of the hands and feet are among the most taxonomically
important external features in _Smilisca_. Consistent differences exist
in relative lengths of the digits, size of subarticular tubercles, size
and number of supernumerary tubercles, size and shape of the inner
metatarsal tubercle, and amount of webbing (Pls. 4 and 5). In the
_baudini_ group the series of species (_baudini-phaeota-cyanosticta_)
show a progressive increase in amount of webbing in the hand and a
decrease in number, and corresponding increase in size, of supernumerary
tubercles. The amount of webbing in the feet of _S. baudini_ and
_phaeota_ is about the same, but the webbing is slightly more extensive
in _S. cyanosticta_. _Smilisca puma_ is unique in the genus in lacking
webbing in the hand; furthermore, this species is distinctive in having
many large subarticular tubercles on the hand and a relatively small
inner metatarsal tubercle. The two stream-inhabitants, _S. sila_ and
_sordida_, have shorter and stouter fingers than the other species. The
webbing is most extensive in both the hands and feet of these species,
which also are distinctive in having many small supernumerary tubercles
on the feet.
_Ontogenetic Changes_
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