Marie remarked that, although there had been thousands of head cases at the Salpétrière, there had not been a single case of general paresis. Dupré agreed with Marie that trauma was not a frequent etiological factor; strain and alcohol were more important. The Society agreed that in exceptional cases, where an encephalic trauma could be regarded as accelerating or aggravating the disease, the degree of incapacity might be set at from 10 to 30 per cent. =Syphilis contracted before enlistment, “AGGRAVATED ON SERVICE.” Canadian case, courtesy of Dr. J. L. Todd, Canadian Board of Pension Commissioners.= =Case E.= A laboring man, 44, acquired syphilis at a time unknown. Ten months after enlistment this man developed symptoms on the firing line. He was inattentive, irrational, incoherent. The diagnosis was then “mania.” There were, however, scars at angle of mouth and on lower lip. Occipital glands were palpable, fine tremor of hands. The W. R. was +++. Later the patient became violent, destructive, untidy, disoriented. Auditory hallucinations are recorded. He was “boarded” for discharge five months after the first symptoms. The board agreed that these symptoms would have appeared in civil life. In view of a difference of opinion as to the part played by stress of service, his condition was set down as “_aggravated on service_” (not, it will be noted, _by_ service, see Case D). 1. Under what conditions should pensions be awarded for disability resulting from venereal diseases? According to a personal communication from Dr. J. L. Todd, Chairman of the Board of Pension Commissioners for Canada, pensions are awarded for all disabilities appearing _during_ service, unless they can be shown certainly to be due to the men’s own fault and negligence. It would appear that _during_ service covers both aggravations _by_ and _on_ service. There remains some doubt as to whether contraction of venereal disease constitutes negligence. 2. What have been conditions in the small inactive American army of the past? Richards has made a study of statistics at the Government Hospital for the Insane, Washington.