New lands within the Arctic circle: Narrative of the discoveries of the Austrian ship "Tegetthoff" in the years 1872-1874Payer, Julius
History
New lands within the Arctic circle: Narrative of the discoveries of the Austrian ship "Tegetthoff" in the years 1872-1874
Payer, Julius
Admiral Tegetthoff (Ship); Arctic regions; Franz Josef Land (Russia) -- Discovery and exploration
5. For thousands of years this land had lain buried from the knowledge
of men, and now its discovery had fallen into the lap of a small band,
themselves almost lost to the world, who far from their home remembered
the homage due to their sovereign, and gave to the newly-discovered
territory the name
KAISER FRANZ-JOSEF’S LAND.
With loud hurrahs we drank to the health of our Emperor in grog hastily
made on deck in an iron coffee-pot, and then dressed the _Tegetthoff_
with flags. All cares, for the present at least, disappeared, and with
them the passive monotony of our lives. There was not a day, there
was hardly an hour, in which this mysterious land did not henceforth
occupy our thoughts and attention. We discussed whether this or that
elevation in the grey and misty distance were a mountain, or an island,
or a glacier. All our attempts to solve the question of the extent of
the land lying before us were of course still more fruitless. From the
headland which we had first seen (Cape Tegetthoff), to its hazy outline,
in the north-east, it seemed to extend nearly a degree; but as even its
southernmost parts were at a great distance from us, it was impossible
to arrive at anything more definite than a mere approximation to its
configuration. The size and number of the icebergs which we had recently
fallen in with were now amply explained,—they were indisputable witnesses
of its great extent and its vast glaciation.
6. At the end of August and the beginning of September north winds
drove us somewhat towards the south, so that the outlines of the land
were still more faintly defined. But at the end of September we were
again driven towards the north-west and reached 79° 58′, the highest
degree of latitude to which the _Tegetthoff_ and its floe drifted. We
now saw an island at some distance off—afterwards called Hochstetter
island—lying before us. Its rocky outlines were distinctly visible, and
the opportunity of _reaching the land by a forced march_ seemed more
favourable than any which had been presented. It might also be the last
chance offered to us, for our fears lest we might drift out of sight of
this land were well founded. Six of her crew now left the _Tegetthoff_
and committed themselves to the destiny which the movement of the ice
had in store for them. The east winds, which had prevailed during the
last days, had forced the ice landward, and the pressures had crushed in
the edges of our floe, and greatly diminished its size. We rushed over
the grinding, groaning, broken walls of drifting ice, and so great was
our ardour, that we took no notice when some one or other of the party
tripped and fell. Each panted to reach the land. We had already gone half
way, the ship having long disappeared from our eyes, when there arose a
mist which enveloped everything, so that the masses of ice looked like
high mountains through the hazy atmosphere. Of the land itself we could
see nothing, and no choice was left to us but to return to the ship
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