The perfect insect appears in December, January, and February. It frequents open country on the mountain sides, at elevations of from 2,500 to 4,000 feet. {59}I observed it in great abundance on the Humboldt Range at the head of Lake Wakatipu, where it frequented the damp rocky precipices which were fringed with a luxuriant growth of Alpine plants. At Castle Hill it occurred much less commonly, so that it would appear to be most plentiful in the extreme south of New Zealand. The colouring is protective when the insect is resting on rock surfaces. XANTHORHOE SEMIFISSATA, Walk. (_Coremia semifissata_, Walk. 1320. _Coremia ypsilonaria_, Gn., E. M. M. v. 64. _Cidaria delicatulata_, Gn., E. M. M. v. 94. _Epyaxa semifissata_, Meyr., Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 72.) (Plate VII., fig. 26 [M], 27 [F].) This extremely pretty insect is very common, and generally distributed throughout the country. The expansion of the wings is about an inch. The fore-wings of the male are _pale pink_; there are several wavy brown lines near the base, _a very distinct brown central band, narrowest near the middle, but much broader on the costa than on the dorsum_; the centre of this band is paler towards the costa; the termen is shaded with brown, except near the apex of the wing; _the veins are dotted in black. The hind-wings are bright ochreous with numerous wavy darker lines._ The female is darker in colour than the male, the central band is broader; _there are numerous brown and pink wavy lines on each side of the central band, and the principal veins are marked in pale ochreous_. The grey transverse lines on the hind-wings are much more distinct in the female than in the male. The perfect insect appears from September till April, and is very common in rather open forest districts, usually frequenting undergrowth on the edges of the denser forest. It is often one of the earliest of the _Notodontina_ to appear in spring, and its advent is then especially welcome to the collector after the long inaction of winter. It is evidently closely allied to _X. orophyla_, which appears to be the southern and Alpine representative of this interesting insect. _Coremia ypsilonaria_, Gn., is the male, and _Cidaria delicatulata_, Gn., is the female of this species. XANTHORHOE LOPHOGRAMMA, Meyr. (_Xanthorhoe lophogramma_, Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1897, 386.) (Plate VII., fig. 47 [M], 48 [F].) This species was discovered at Castle Hill in January, 1893.