Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
And thus the Latins are once more subjected to the Roman
sovereignty, as they were under Tarquin the Proud. The distinction
between the different times is the only clue to this labyrinth. Of the
Hernicans I cannot assert this with positive certainty; yet it seems
to me very likely. After the burning of the city by the Gauls, the
Latins again broke loose from the Roman sway, and renewed their claims
to equality; and, in consequence, there arose a war of thirty-two,
or according to the more probable chronology, of twenty-eight years,
which ended in a peace by which the old league of Sp. Cassius was
re-established. In the meanwhile, the Volscian war had for Rome this
advantage, that it stood alone indeed, but unmolested.
In Rome there was still at that time a considerable degree of
fermentation. According to Dio Cassius, it was by no means seldom that
distinguished plebeians were made away with by assassination. During
these dissensions, the agrarian law, and that on the νομοθέται, are
brought forward at every turn. It cannot be made out what interest the
_Plebes_ had in the increase of the number of tribunes to ten, two for
each class: their authority could not have been raised by this means.
A strange story, which is, however, enveloped in great obscurity,
belongs to this time of the increase of the tribunes. It is stated
in Valerius Maximus, that a tribune, P. Mucius, had caused his nine
colleagues to be burnt alive as traitors, because, headed by Sp.
Cassius, they had hindered the election of the magistrates. There is
here an evident confusion of dates, as ten tribunes were first elected
in 297, twenty-eight years after the consulship of Sp. Cassius. Two
hypotheses may be set up to account for this. Either these tribunes
were traitors to the _Plebes_, which is not likely, as the election
lay with the tribes; or P. Mucius was not a tribune of the people;
or at least he did not pronounce the sentence, but it was the curies
which did so, and they must have condemned the tribunes as breakers
of the peace. There must be something in this story, as Zonaras (from
Dio) likewise mentions it; perhaps this event is identical with the
impeachment of nine tribunes in Livy, about the time of the Canuleian
quarrels.
LEGISLATION OF THE TWELVE TABLES.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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