Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
The history of the Italian nations we know almost exclusively through
the Romans; and yet that history would in fact be the only means for
correctly understanding the foreign relations of Rome, as the account
of these is very often not only defective, but altered moreover in
a lying spirit. The decline of the state after the expulsion of the
kings may have partly arisen from the fermentations at home, and partly
from the quarrel with the Latins. Afterwards, however, the spread of
the Etruscans in the prime of their strength from the North, and at
the same time that of the Sabines and their colonies, exercise their
influence. The Romans call the latter Sabellians; for _Sabellus_ is
the general adjective-termination corresponding with _Sabinus_, like
_Hispanus_ and _Hispellus_, _Græcus_ and _Græculus_, _Pœnus_ and
_Pœnulus_, _Romus_ and _Romulus_; at a later period only the ending
in _-lus_ had a diminutive meaning given it. _Sabellus_ is quite
synonymous with Sabinus, except that according to usage, the name of
Sabellians is given to the whole nation, and that of Sabines to the
inhabitants of the small district. The spread of those nations was
therefore the chief cause of the decline of Rome; otherwise the wars
of Porsena would not have happened. If the Etruscans had spread in any
other direction, and had not the Sabellians, inasmuch as they were
pushed on themselves, been obliged to push on others, the Ausonian
people also, particularly the Æquians, would not have been driven, as
they were, to make conquests.
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