Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
The tribunes of the people at Rome now moved that the province of
Numidia should, out of turn, be the first assigned; and as this was
unanimously agreed to by the people, Marius got the chief command.
Metellus again showed his littleness of mind. Not being able to brook
the sight of his successor, he stole away, leaving the army to his
legate Rutilius, an excellent man, who afterwards became a victim to
party spirit, as he went over to the other side: for, as hitherto the
oligarchical faction had shown itself malignant, so did the democrats
in their turn, now that they had got the upperhand. Marius ended
the war with Jugurtha in less than two years, having displayed the
greatest ability and boldness. Sallust particularly mentions, how in
the siege of Capsa, he put to flight the enemy’s cavalry, &c. The
Romans did not advance much beyond Cirta; Jugurtha went to Bocchus,
king of the Mauritanians, a connexion of his by marriage. This prince
at first had taken up arms on his side; but he soon listened to the
proposal of the Romans, to make his peace with them by betraying his
ally. This was done after a great deal of negotiation, Bocchus having
wavered for a long time, and even thought of arresting Sylla, by whom
this business was transacted: at length he gave up Jugurtha, who was
now led by Marius in his triumph. Part of Numidia was united with the
province of Africa; most of it, however, was left as an independent
kingdom, the kings of which in all likelihood--in what way, we do not
know--belonged to Masinissa’s house. Juba, in the time of Cæsar’s wars,
was descended from the nameless king who then succeeded. Bocchus was
acknowledged as an independent sovereign.
WAR WITH THE CIMBRI AND TEUTONES.
The war in Africa had come to an end, and it was high time that it
should; for the republic had quite a different employment for Marius,
in comparison with which the war against Jugurtha was mere child’s
play. The Cimbri and Teutones were expected on the frontiers of Italy,
and they had already routed the armies of Manlius and Cæpio. Contrary
to all existing rules, Marius at the unanimous call of the nation was
made consul; for the laws both forbade the choice of a man who was
absent from the city, and required that ten years should elapse between
two consulships of the same person. Marius had his triumph the new
year’s day on which he entered upon his second consulate.
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