Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 3 (of 3)Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
History
Niebuhr's lectures on Roman history, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Niebuhr, Barthold Georg
Rome -- History
At Rome, there was a quarrel between Antony and Dolabella, the
son-in-law of Cicero, to whom he caused much grief: both of them were
equally bad. Cæsar therefore went thither, and quieted them. From thence
the successes of Cneius and Sextus, the sons of Pompey, again called him
away to Spain, whither these had betaken themselves from Africa, that
they might join a newly formed legion of his which had revolted.
Southern Spain had taken up arms for the Pompeians; but not with hearty
agreement among themselves, as in the days of Sertorius. This struggle
was by far the hardest of any which Cæsar had to go through; it is quite
extraordinary, how, when all was exhausted, the people now fought with a
rage which had not been seen until then. The beginning of this war may
be read in the barbarously written _Bellum Hispaniense_. After Cæsar had
been obliged for several months to put forth all the resources of his
mind, to carry on the war within a very limited area in Andalusia and
Grenada: the seat of the contest was chiefly in the exceedingly strong
fastnesses of the mountains north of Grenada. Cneius had the chief
command, and he showed himself here a far more able general than his
father had been. In the battle near Munda, the anniversary of which was
yesterday (March 17), Cæsar’s fate hung upon a thread: his troops were
breaking, and he was already giving up all for lost, when in his despair
he jumped from his horse, and placed himself in the way of the
fugitives, calling out to them that if they wished to flee, they should
cut him down, and not oblige him to outlive such a day. Suwarow behaved
very much in the same way at the battle of Kinburn, in the year 1787,
when his soldiers refused obedience in an undertaking which he had
ordered, because they thought themselves lost. As they now were flying,
he cried out to them, “Run, run, and leave your general to the Turks, as
a keepsake of your cowardice!” With the greatest trouble, Cæsar stopped
his soldiers; but thus he only restored the battle, and he owed his
victory to the Mauritanian auxiliaries, who attacked and plundered the
Pompeian camp, which was hardly guarded at all. For when Labienus
marched with a legion against them, to save the camp and drive them off,
the other troops, thinking this to be a retreat, fell back, but did not
run. Cæsar had, after the battle, to destroy them one by one: Cneius was
wounded and cut down; Sextus remained with the Celtiberians, among whom
he hid himself until the death of Cæsar, some time after which he once
more played his part in public life. It was several months before Cæsar
had reduced the whole of Spain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account