Nineteen Centuries of Drink in England: A HistoryFrench, Richard Valpy
History
Nineteen Centuries of Drink in England: A History
French, Richard Valpy
Drinking customs -- England; Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Great Britain; England -- Social life and customs
How is this commandment broken in the abuse of meat and drink?
Either in regard of the _quality_ or _quantity_ thereof. How in
regard of the _quantity_? By excess, and intemperance in diet: when
we ... give ourselves to surfeiting and drunkenness. What be the
contrary duties here commanded? 1. Temperance, in using a sober
and moderate diet, according to our ability.... 2. Convenient
abstinence (1 Cor. ix. 27).[144]
Of Milton, Johnson says that--
His domestic habits, so far as they are known, were those of a
severe student. He drank little strong drink of any kind, and
fed without excess in quantity, and in his earlier years without
delicacy of choice.
But we should certainly infer, _pace_ the good Doctor, that in his
earlier years at least he was fond of wine, from his sonnet to Mr.
Lawrence, which seems redolent of Horace in his Bacchanalian moods. The
sonnet is intensely classical:--
_To Mr. Lawrence._
Lawrence, of virtuous father virtuous son,
Now that the fields are dank and ways are mire,
Where shall we sometimes meet, and by the fire
Help waste a sullen day, what may be won
From the hard season gaining? Time will run
On smoother, till Favonius re-inspire
The frozen earth, and clothe in fresh attire
The lily and rose, that neither sow’d nor spun.
What neat repast shall feast us, light and choice,
Of Attic taste, _with wine_, whence we may rise
To hear the lute well touched, or artful voice
Warble immortal notes and Tuscan air?
_He who of those delights can judge, and spare_
_To interpose them oft_, is not unwise.
Also in _L’Allegro_ we are rather disposed to think our poet shows
that he was not altogether superior ‘to the spicy nut-brown ale.’ On
the other hand, his--also Horatian--sonnet to Cyriac Skinner seems to
suggest a somewhat similar idea to Cowper’s ‘cups that cheer but not
inebriate,’ though they may refer to moderate drinking:--
_To Cyriac Skinner._
Cyriac, whose grandsire, on the royal bench
Of British Themis, with no mean applause
Pronounced and in his volumes taught our laws,
Which others at their bar so often wrench;
_To-day deep thoughts resolve with me to drench_
_In mirth that after no repenting draws_.
On the other hand, he could be no friend to excess who in _Paradise
Lost_, book i., thus speaks of Belial:--
In courts and palaces he also reigns,
And in luxurious cities, where the noise
Of riot ascends above their loftiest towers,
And injury and outrage; and when night
Darkens the streets, then wander forth the sons
Of Belial, flown with insolence and wine.
And again:--
Intemperance on the earth shall bring
Diseases dire, of which a monstrous crew
Before thee shall appear!
What an advocate of _prohibition_ was he who could write,--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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