The late Mr. Rickman, the antiquary, was of opinion that Abury and Stonehenge cannot reasonably be carried back to a period antecedent to the Christian era. In an Essay communicated by him to the Society of Antiquaries in 1839, after tracing the Roman road from Dover and Canterbury, through Noviomagus and London, to the West of England, Mr. Rickman notices that Silbury is situated immediately upon that road; and that the avenues of Abury extend up to it, whilst their course is referable to the radius of a Roman mile. From these and other circumstances, he argues that Abury and Silbury are not anterior to the road, nor can we well conceive how such gigantic works could be accomplished until Roman civilization had furnished such a system of providing and storing food as could supply a vast multitude of people. Mr. Rickman further remarks, that the temple of Abury is completely in the form of a Roman amphitheatre, which would accommodate about 48,000 Roman spectators, or half the number contained in the Colosseum at Rome. Again, the stones of Stonehenge have exhibited, when their tenons and mortices have been first exposed, the working of a well-directed steel point, beyond the workmanship of barbarous nations. Stonehenge is not mentioned by Cæsar or Ptolemy, and its historical records commence in the fifth century. On the whole, Mr. Rickman is induced to conclude that the era of Abury is the third century, and that of Stonehenge the fourth, or before the departure of the Romans from Britain; and that both are examples of the general practice of the Roman conquerors to tolerate the worship of their subjugated provinces, at the same time associating them with their own superstitions and favourite public games. FOOTNOTES: [87] Mr. Whincopp; _Journal of the British Archæological Association_, 1866. INDEX. Abinger Church described, 337. Abury and Stonehenge, 14. Ale, Panegyric on, 68. Ale, Saxon, 67. Ale and Beer in the 5th Century, 66. Ale-wife, The, 68. Alfred's Jewel, at Oxford, 53. All-heal and Mistletoe of the Druids, 17. Almonds, early use of, 199. Almsgiving and Doles of Queen Isabella, 155. Architecture, Saxon and Norman, 46, 47. Arnott, Dr., on House-heating, 135. Arriage and Carriage Services, 230. Arthur, King, and the Round Table, 90. Arundel Castle described, 103. Arundel Castle, history of, 106-108. Aubrey's description of the Great Hall, 123. Autograph of Richard, Duke of Gloucester, 303. Awnd-irons, or Fire-dogs, 141.